Report for Monday, June 10, 2024

THE TOP STORIES

Israel Rescues Four Hostages Held in Gaza

Ukraine claims destruction of Russian stealth fighter on Russian base, Zelensky cites extremely difficult situation along Ukraine’s eastern front.

Biden, Macron reach agreement on using seized Russian assets for Ukraine

U.S., Saudi Arabia close to finalizing draft security treaty

CIPHER BRIEF EXCLUSIVES

The U.S., China and Avoiding World War III.  A conversation with Dmitri Alperovitch.  The Cipher Brief

THE ISRAEL HAMAS WAR

Israel Rescued Four Hostages Held in Gaza.  The Israeli military announced that it successfully extracted four hostages from the Nuseirat section of Gaza on Saturday morning. The four hostages were Noa Argamani, 26, Almog Meir Jan, 22, Andrei Kozlov, 27, and Shlomi Ziv, 41. All four hostages were reportedly in good medical condition but were transported to Sheba Medical Center for evaluation. The risky daylight operation occurred Saturday morning and involved Israel’s Shin Bet and police hostage-rescue units while the Israeli army, navy, and air force provided cover. The operation was given the green-light at about 11 a.m. local time by Israeli military chief, Lt. General Herzi Halev and Shin Bet head Ronen Bar. All four hostages were held in an apartment complex with Argamani held in a separate unit about 200 yards away from the other three male hostages. One Israeli police commando was killed during the operation. Wall Street Journal 

Palestinians say Saturday’s death toll rises to 274.  Gaza’s Health Ministry said Sunday that at least 274 Palestinians, including dozens of children, were killed, and 698 were wounded Saturday, when Israeli soldiers moved into the Nuseirat refugee camp in central Gaza to rescue four hostages. Some 64 of the dead were children and 57 were women, the Hamas-run Gaza government media office said Sunday. The Israeli military said its forces came under heavy fire and returned fire during the complex daytime rescue operation. Israel's military said a special forces officer was killed in the exchange of fire with militants emerging from cover in residential blocks.  Israel disputed the Palestinian casualty figure, saying it knew of "under 100" Palestinians killed.  Reuters Associated Press Al Jazeera 

“A blatant lie,” Israeli official calls Hamas claim that Israeli shelling killed three hostages.  Hamas' armed wing said Sunday that three Israeli hostages, including one with dual-Israeli-U.S. citizenship, were killed during the raid to rescue four hostages from the refugee camp in al-Nuseirat.  Hamas provided no names, nor other proof.  "It's a blatant lie," Israeli military spokesperson Peter Lerner said.  Reuters Reuters 

U.S. team specializing in information gathering helped Israel rescue hostages. The American cell that helped Israel’s hostage rescue Saturday has been working to support Israel since October 7, collecting and analyzing information about the hostages, CNN reported. In the wake of the October 7 Hamas attack, the U.S. offered Israel special operations planning and intelligence support to help locate and rescue the hostages, according to a US defense official. He said the support was not to involve U.S. troops on the ground in Israel but was to help with intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance.  CNN 

Israeli forces batter central, south Gaza as tanks advance in Rafah.  U.S-backed Egyptian and Qatari mediators have attempted to reconcile the conflicting demands of the Israeli government and Hamas leaders, but there was still no sign of a breakthrough Sunday. This came as the Israeli military bombarded the central and southern area of Gaza on Friday, killing at least 28 Palestinians. Residents in Rafah reported that tank-led forces advanced to the southwest parts of the city near the al-Izba district while snipers positioned themselves onto rooftops, making it too dangerous for residents to leave their homes. Gazan health officials claimed that two Palestinians were killed and several wounded from tank shelling in western Rafah while another 15 were reportedly killed overnight amid Israeli bombardment in central Gaza. NF  Reuters

U.N. plan to cite Israel over harm to children draws condemnation from Netanyahu.  U.N Secretary General Antonio Guterres reportedly alerted Israeli ambassador to the U.N. Gilad Erdan on Friday of the decision to place Israel on the list of entities whose actions have harmed children. The move was set to be made public later this month but was disclosed after Erdan tweeted a video of himself responding to the news. The list was part of a report that documents the impact of armed conflict on children.  Wall Street Journal

White House won’t say whether Biden will meet Netanyahu in Washington.   "I don't have anything to announce today," national security adviser Jake Sullivan said on CBS's Face the Nation. "He's coming to address the Congress. The president talks to him all the time." But will President Joe Biden spend time with Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu when he visits Washington next month to address the U.S. Congress? The White House won’t say what the plans are. Sullivan said he hoped a ceasefire and hostage deal would be in place by that time. "The fact is that the whole world is looking to Hamas to say yes," Sullivan said. "For all those people, for all these months who have been calling for a ceasefire, now is the moment."  Reuters

Israel extends the ban on Al Jazeera. The Israeli cabinet decided Al Jazeera's broadcasts posed a threat to security and extended the ban on its operations in Israel for 45 days, on top of the initial 35-day ban. Israel's Supreme Court described the measure against the Qatari-backed broadcaster channel as "precedent-setting" and gave Israel's government until Aug. 8 to offer arguments in support of the ban.  "We will not allow the terrorist channel Al Jazeera to broadcast from Israel and endanger our fighters," communications minister Shlomo Karhi said. "In light of the seriousness of the damage to the security of the state I am convinced that the closure orders will be extended in the future as well." Al Jazeera said it "rejects all the minister's claims, excuses and accusations."  Israeli authorities raided a Jerusalem hotel room used by Al Jazeera as its office on May 5 and said they were shutting the operation down for the duration of the Gaza war. Reuters

Centrist Benny Gantz resigns from Netanyahu government.  Benny Gantz resigned from Israel’s three-man war Cabinet Sunday, accusing Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of mismanaging the war with Hamas and putting his own “political survival” over the country’s security needs.  “Unfortunately, Netanyahu is preventing us from achieving true victory, which is the justification for the painful and ongoing price,” Gantz said. He said that Netanyahu was “making empty promises,” and the country needs to take a different direction.  Reuters Jerusalem Post Haaretz Associated Press

U.S. military resumes delivering aid via newly repaired pier. Aid arrived in Gaza Saturday from the U.S.-built pier, which had been repaired after storm damage caused a temporary closure.  The pier was operational for about a week, then was blown apart in high winds and heavy seas on May 25. U.S. Central Command said that about 1.1 million pounds of humanitarian aid was delivered to Gaza through the pier Saturday,  Associated Press 

Hamas official calls on U.S. to pressure Israel to halt Gaza conflict. Senior Hamas official Sami Abu Zuhri on Monday urged the U.S. to pressure Israel into ending the war in Gaza ahead of U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken's visit to the region, during which he aims to promote ceasefire efforts. Zuhri said that Hamas is prepared to “deal positively with any initiative that secures an end to the war.” This week, Blinken will visit Egypt, Israel, Jordan, and Qatar, seeking to prevent the conflict from spreading to Lebanon. In Cairo on Monday, he will meet with Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi before heading to Israel to meet Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Yoav Gallant. The visit follows U.S. President Joe Biden's three-phase ceasefire proposal, which includes ending hostilities, releasing hostages, and reconstructing Gaza. Reuters

THE UKRAINE UPDATE

Ukraine stabilizes the northern front after a surprise Russian push – but faces fresh pressure in the east. Ukraine has stabilized the northern Kharkiv front after a Russian offensive a month ago, thanks to new weapons and permission to counter artillery fired from border regions inside Russia. Russian troops failed their Kharkiv Oblast offensive, President Volodymyr Zelensky said on Saturday after meeting with Commander-in-Chief Oleksandr Syrskyi. Despite this, Ukraine faces fresh pressure along the 1,000-kilometer front line and remains vulnerable to Russian aerial glide bombs. “Unfortunately, we do not yet have permission to hit Russian aircraft at airfields with American weapons, and we do not have permission to use ATACMS (long-range) missiles on Russian territory,” said Yehor Cherniev, deputy chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament’s Committee on National Security, Defense, and Intelligence. “Because of this, we have not yet been able to resolve the problem of glide bomb strikes on our territory. Kharkiv and other border areas are still suffering from bombing attacks, and a lot of civilians die.” While the northern advance has slowed, Russian forces continue pushing in the east, targeting strategic towns in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions. The United Nations reported an increase in civilian casualties in May, primarily due to intensified fighting in the north. NATO F16s are expected to arrive shortly, and France has pledged to equip Ukraine with its Mirage 2000-5 fighter jets, while Ukraine is calling up more men for military duty. “We are working to provide more reserves for our army,’’ Zelensky said.CNN Kyiv Independent  Kyiv Independent 

Sen. Lindsey Graham: ‘If we help Ukraine now, they can become the best business partner we ever dreamed of.’ U.S. Sen. Lindsey Graham, a Republican from South Carolina, told CBS News’ “Face the Nation” that the U.S. must help Ukraine “win a war we can't afford to lose.’’ He said Russian President Vladimir Putin wants to “recreate the Russian empire. He's not going to stop in Ukraine. It's not about NATO. It's not about American weapons in Ukraine. It's about a megalomaniac wanting to create the Russian empire by force of arms. If you don't stop him, there goes Taiwan.”  Ukraine is “sitting on $10 trillion to $12 trillion of critical minerals in – in Ukraine. They could be the richest country in all of Europe. I don't want to give that money and those assets to Putin to share with China. If we help Ukraine now, they can become the best business partner we ever dreamed of. That $10 trillion to $12 trillion of critical mineral assets could be used by Ukraine and the West, not given to Putin and China. This is a very big deal, how Ukraine ends. Let's help them win a war we can't afford to lose. Let's find a solution to this war.” Face the Nation

Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment for Sunday, June 9, 2024. The Biden administration’s limited policy change allows Ukraine to use US-provided weapons to strike Russian military targets within a small area of Russian territory, reducing Russia's ground sanctuary by 16 percent at most. US policy still protects the vast majority of Russia’s operational rear and deep rear, and US policy forbids Ukraine from using ATACMS anywhere in Russia. The Kremlin’s effort to remove and arrest senior Russian defense officials may extend to civilian regional administration officials. The pro-Kremlin Moldovan Victory opposition bloc held its second congress in Moscow on Sunday; former Moldovan president Igor Dodon promoted Kremlin narratives against the Moldovan government in interviews with Russian state news agencies. Russian officials continue efforts to coerce migrants into military service. Ukrainian forces struck a Russian Su-57 fighter aircraft at Akhtubinsk Airfield in Astrakhan Oblast. Ukrainian forces may have struck a large Russian landing ship or patrol boat in Yeysk, Krasnodar Krai.

Battlefield updates: Russian forces advanced near Kupyansk, Siversk, Chasiv Yar, Avdiivka, and Donetsk city.  Institute for the Study of War. 

Ukraine says latest-generation Russian fighter jet hit for first time. Ukrainian forces struck a Russian Sukhoi Su-57 fighter jet or possibly two at the Akhtubinsk air base, marking the first hit on Moscow’s latest-generation aircraft, Ukraine’s authorities said on Sunday. Satellite images from Ukraine's GUR defense intelligence agency confirm the strike, showing the intact jet on Friday and fire damage on Saturday. A pro-war Russian blogger who goes by the name Fighterbomber, stated the jet was hit by drone shrapnel, with the extent of the damage under assessment. Ukrainian forces may have destroyed a second Russian Su-57 plane in the same strike on the Akhtubinsk airfield in Astrakhan Oblast already reported to have hit one of the fighter jets, military intelligence spokesperson Andrii Yusov said in a television broadcast Sunday. The Su-57 is a fifth-generation fighter with a troubled development history. The GUR said the aircraft was parked at the Akhtubinsk airfield, which it said was 366 miles from the front lines in Ukraine between Ukrainian and Russian invasion forces. Both Ukraine and Russia continue conducting long-range strikes into each other's territories. Reuters Kyiv Independent 

Russia appears to make headway in key Ukrainian town of Chasiv Yar. Russian forces are reportedly progressing toward capturing the strategic Ukrainian town of Chasiv Yar, a staging point for advances on Kramatorsk and Sloviansk. Russian troops have begun occupying a district of Chasiv Yar and have intensified shelling, using guided aerial bombs, long-range missiles, and drones to advance. Video evidence shows soldiers navigating through heavily damaged urban areas. President Volodymyr Zelensky, in his nightly video address on Sunday, made no mention of Chasiv Yar, but said the area around the town of Pokrovsk, to the southwest, remained the most difficult sector to defend. "This is the toughest area along the entire front line, the one where pressure from the occupiers is the greatest," he said. "Every day, this is the site of the highest number of engagements. Only yesterday, there were more than 40 assaults, and as of this hour today, there have been more than 20." Reuters 

Ukraine has right to strike targets in Russia, NATO's Stoltenberg says.  On Friday, NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg affirmed Ukraine's right to self-defense, including the right to target legitimate military sites within Russia, as per international law. Stoltenberg made this statement during a visit to Sweden, emphasizing Ukraine's right to defend itself against Russian aggression. His remarks come amidst heightened tensions between Russia and Western nations over Ukraine's acquisition of weapons. Stoltenberg described Russia's actions as an unprovoked attack on Ukraine, a peaceful neighbor, and asserted that Ukraine has the legitimate right to strike targets within Russian territory in self-defense.  Reuters

France will begin training Ukrainian pilots on fighter jets in the coming days, French president says.  French President Emmanuel Macron announced that France will commence training Ukrainian pilots and mechanics on the Mirage 2000-5 fighter jet soon. Macron refrained from disclosing specifics regarding the number and origin of the jets to ensure operational effectiveness, but the training will reportedly occur in France. Macron emphasized France's discretion in revealing arms numbers until they are delivered and utilized. He also mentioned the possibility of deploying military instructors to Ukraine, asserting Paris’ commitment to Ukraine's sovereignty despite Russian threats. Additionally, France will dispatch approximately 20 technical experts to aid Ukraine in aligning with European Union standards. Separately, French-German defense firm KNDS inked two contracts with the Ukrainian government to kickstart the production of spare parts for French-made CAESAR howitzers and 155mm artillery shells within Ukraine. CNN

Like Russia, Ukraine Is Now Recruiting Soldiers From Prisons.  The Ukrainian military has recently adopted a controversial strategy: recruiting inmates from prisons into its armed forces. This initiative, reminiscent of historical wartime practices, has already seen significant interest, with thousands of convicts applying for the program. Eligible prisoners will serve until the end of the war before earning their freedom. The move comes as Ukraine struggles to mobilize enough soldiers to counter Russian aggression, resorting to measures such as lowering the age of mobilization and increasing financial incentives for recruits. While the practice of employing convicts in wartime had waned in modern times, the Ukraine-Russia conflict has seen its revival. However, Ukraine's program differs from Russia's in several aspects, including eligibility criteria and the absence of record expungement for participants. Despite concerns about control and potential risks, officials assert that the initiative provides an opportunity for convicts to redeem themselves and contribute to their country's defense. Wall Street Journal

Stoltenberg abandons plan to set up $100 billion fund for Ukraine aid after pushback.  NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg has abandoned plans to establish a $100 billion fund to aid Ukraine over five years, following rejection from alliance members. Instead, he proposes that allies collectively spend at least 40 billion euros annually on lethal and non-lethal aid for Kyiv. NATO will determine each country's contribution based on a percentage of their gross domestic product, with the U.S. expected to contribute roughly half of the assistance. Stoltenberg's new plan does not involve new funds. Ukraine's advancement toward NATO membership is not anticipated at this year's summit in Washington, with the U.S. Ambassador to NATO indicating that allies will offer Kyiv a security package as a transitional measure. Despite this setback, Ukrainian officials believe the summit will define a clear path towards NATO membership, affirming its irreversibility and outlining a roadmap. Kyiv Independent

Air Force: Ukraine to start testing domestically produced guided aerial bombs soon.According to Air Force Command's Serhii Holubtsov, Ukraine will soon test domestically produced guided aerial bombs. The country is also adapting unguided bomb designs. Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal aims to boost defense production sixfold in 2024, including drones, shells, ammunition, and armored vehicles. In March, the Washington Post reported plans to produce NATO-standard 155 mm shells, essential for artillery from Western allies. Kyiv Independent

Russia sending African students, young workers, to fight in its war against Ukraine.  The Kremlin is coercing African migrants and students in Russia to fight in Ukraine by threatening deportation. Using tactics pioneered by the Wagner group, officials are enlisting foreign students and workers, often forcing them to choose between military service and deportation. Many recruits, including convicts and foreign mercenaries, suffer high casualty rates as they are deployed in risky maneuvers. Russia’s recruitment efforts extend globally, targeting migrants and students from various countries, including Africa and Nepal. These forced conscriptions aim to bolster Russian forces despite significant losses. There are 35,000-37,000 African students currently in Russia, according to Yevgeny Primakov head of Rossotrudnichestvo, an organization devoted to spreading knowledge about Russia abroad. “Every year we sign up about 6,500 students from Africa to study in Russia for free”, he said Thursday at the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum. Bloomberg Kyiv Independent 

Russia claims to intercept Ukrainian drone following blasts in Belgorod Oblast. The Russian Defense Ministry on Sunday claimed that its forces had downed a Ukrainian drone in Belgorod Oblast. Earlier, local Telegram channels reported a loud explosion in the Rakityansky District, with images of smoke and claims that a Russian ammunition depot was hit. Ukrainian authorities have not yet commented, and the reports could not be immediately verified. Belgorod Oblast Governor Vyacheslav Gladkov reported a missile attack threat and later announced a fire in a non-residential building in the Rakityansky District; he stated that there were no casualties, and nearby residents were evacuated safely. The region, bordering Ukraine's Sumy, Kharkiv, and Luhansk oblasts, has seen frequent claims of missile and drone attacks. Kyiv Independent 

Ukraine to establish registry of mine-affected zones.Ukraine’s Economy Ministry reported that it is planning to launch a state register for areas contaminated with explosives. In a statement, Deputy Economy Minister Ihor Bezkaravainyi said that the establishment of the registry is a key step in “humanitarian demining.” Bezkaravainyi stated that implementation of the registry will allow for near real-time surveillance of demining operations, and facilitate more efficient planning of future activities. He said that farmers and investors will particularly benefit from this. Ukrainian officials report that nearly a third of Ukraine's land, about 174,000 square kilometers, has been mined since Russia's invasion in February 2022. Extensive minefields between Ukrainian and Russian forces have significantly hindered the 2023 counteroffensive and the liberation of occupied territories. According to the Economy Ministry, Kyiv has secured over $700 million from international partners for humanitarian demining projects for 2022-2027. Kyiv Independent

THE AMERICAS

Biden aide raises possible increased deployments of U.S. strategic nuclear weapons.  On Friday, Pranay Vaddi, a senior White House aide on arms control, outlined a potential policy shift towards deploying more strategic nuclear weapons in response to growing threats from Russia, China, and other adversaries. He emphasized the need for readiness to increase nuclear deployments if necessary to deter adversaries and protect the U.S., allies, and partners. Despite the U.S. commitment to international arms control and non-proliferation regimes, Vaddi highlighted concerns over Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran's nuclear activities and their cooperation in missile and drone technology. While Russia's President Vladimir Putin mentioned the possibility of deploying conventional missiles near the U.S. and European allies, he stated over the weekend that Moscow was not planning to use nuclear weapons in the Ukraine conflict. The U.S. nuclear doctrine focuses on deterring attacks on itself and allies, but adjustments may be made if adversaries increase reliance on nuclear weapons. The administration is taking steps to modernize the U.S. arsenal while also prioritizing efforts to halt nuclear proliferation, including upholding the Non-Proliferation Treaty. However, challenges remain, with Russia rejecting talks on a successor to the New START treaty and China declining discussions on its expanding nuclear arsenal. NF  Reuters

Some US lawmakers call for more scrutiny of news app NewsBreak over Chinese origins.  Three U.S. lawmakers are urging increased scrutiny of NewsBreak, a popular news aggregation app in the United States, following reports of its Chinese origins and its use of artificial intelligence (AI) to generate inaccurate stories. The lawmakers express concerns about the app's ties to Chinese investors and its presence in China, where many of its engineers are based. NewsBreak, founded by Jeff Zheng, shares a U.S. patent with Yidian, a Chinese news aggregation app. While NewsBreak claims to be an American company, it originated as a subsidiary of Yidian and received praise from Chinese Communist Party officials for disseminating government propaganda. Lawmakers are particularly concerned about transparency regarding connections to the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the use of opaque algorithms and AI tools in news production. IDG Capital's backing of NewsBreak also raised scrutiny, especially after being added to a Pentagon list of Chinese companies allegedly linked to the military. However, IDG Capital denies association with the military. Francisco Partners, another investor in NewsBreak, disputes claims of being a primary backer, stating their investment is less than 10%, but declined to provide documentation. NewsBreak has not provided evidence to support this assertion. Reuters

Migrant arrests drop at US-Mexico border as Biden asylum ban rolls out. The number of migrants caught illegally crossing the U.S.-Mexico border dropped to around 3,100 on Friday, signaling the early success of a new Biden administration policy that generally bars asylum claims for those crossing illegally. This figure represents a 20% decrease from previous days. The policy, aimed at reducing illegal immigration, has exceptions for unaccompanied minors, people with serious medical or safety threats, and trafficking victims. Reuters 

Biden administration prepared for court challenges to new border order. The Biden administration is ready to defend its new asylum policy at the U.S.-Mexico border, which bars most migrants who cross illegally from claiming asylum and allows for rapid deportation if daily crossings exceed 2,500. Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas expressed confidence in the policy's legality despite the American Civil Liberties Union's planned lawsuit, arguing it helps secure the border and protect vulnerable people from smugglers. Initial reports suggest the policy is reducing illegal crossings, though Texas Governor Greg Abbott criticized it, claiming it could increase illegal immigration. Reuters 

Venezuelan Gang Tren de Aragua members are in the U.S, officials say. The Tren de Aragua, a dangerous Venezuelan gang, has infiltrated the U.S., being linked to crimes like human trafficking, drug dealing, and violence according to former and current Colombian security officials.  Originating from a Venezuelan prison, it has spread across South America and now the U.S. Local and federal officials, including U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the FBI, have identified gang members and noted their involvement in serious criminal activities CNN 

Uranium fuel planned for high-tech US reactors a weapons risk, scientists say.  The Biden administration's push for production of a special uranium fuel, as part of efforts to combat climate change, raises concerns about potential weaponization. The authors of a peer-reviewed article in Science highlight the security risks associated with high-assay low-enriched uranium, known as HALEU, emphasizing the need for stringent regulations and interagency security reviews. They argue that limiting enrichment to 10-12% could mitigate risks while maintaining fuel efficiency. The U.S. Department of Energy anticipates significant demand for HALEU to support the deployment of advanced reactors, with TerraPower's Natrium nuclear plant among those relying on it for efficient energy production. Despite assurances from companies like TerraPower about reducing proliferation risks, concerns remain regarding the lack of adequate safeguards for HALEU and the potential precedent it sets for other countries. Centrus Energy, a U.S. company involved in HALEU production, is collaborating with TerraPower but defers inquiries to the DOE. Reuters  

ASIA AND OCEANIA

U.S. researchers say Vietnam accelerating pace of South China Sea island-building. American researchers from the the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative say that Vietnam has significantly increased its dredging and land reclamation activities in the South China Sea, creating almost as much new land as in the past two years combined. Vietnam has reportedly added 692 new acres (280 hectares) of land since November 2023. This compares to 404 acres created in the first 11 months of 2023 and 347 acres in 2022. The South China Sea, a highly disputed region, is claimed by China, Brunei, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. This area is crucial, with over $3 trillion in trade passing through annually, and the increased activity has heightened tensions globally. Reuters 

China accuses U.S. of provoking arms race in contested South China Sea.  Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Sun Weidong stated that the U.S. poses the largest security challenge in the South China Sea, accusing Washington of turning the area into an "arms race whirlpool." His remarks, published on Sunday, followed recent maritime conflicts between China and the Philippines, a U.S. ally, highlighting the region as a source of strain between Washington and Beijing. Sun criticized U.S.-led military actions for inciting disputes and harming coastal countries' rights, and cautioned that U.S. deployment of medium-range missile systems could escalate geopolitical conflicts in the Asia Pacific region. Despite this, Sun affirmed China's commitment to resolving disputes through dialogue. Reuters 

China urges U.S. to ‘reflect’ on nuclear arms policy. China has urged the United States to "reflect" on its behavior and reduce its nuclear arsenal following comments from Pranay Vaddi, a senior U.S. official, suggesting that the U.S. might need more warheads due to the rapid expansion of nuclear arsenals in Russia, China, and North Korea. Vaddi indicated that without changes in these adversaries' arsenals, the U.S. might need to increase its nuclear weapons to ensure national and allied security. In response, China criticized the U.S. for its extensive and advanced nuclear arsenal, its first-use nuclear policy, and significant investments in its nuclear triad. Beijing called for the U.S. to act responsibly and reduce its nuclear reliance. According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, the U.S. has 3,708 nuclear warheads, while Russia has about 4,489. An agreement limiting the number of deployed strategic warheads to 1,550 per country is set to expire in 2026. China, estimated to have around 500 warheads, has not joined three-way nuclear arms discussions with the U.S. and Russia but did engage in talks with the U.S. last year to discuss nuclear transparency and risk management. The Chinese embassy in Washington stated that China's nuclear capabilities are maintained at a minimal level for national security and that it does not participate in an arms race. South China Morning Post 

Philippines reaffirms security independence amid South China Sea strain.  Philippines National Security Adviser Eduardo Ano on Saturday asserted Manila’s commitment to maintaining and supplying its outposts in the South China Sea without seeking admission from any other nation. The National Security Council also reaffirmed the country's sovereign rights over the Second Thomas Shoal and emphasized that their operations are within their territorial waters and exclusive economic zone. This statement came in response to Beijing suggesting that the Philippines should notify China for access to the contested reef, where Manila has deployed personnel to a grounded warship. Ano rejected China's suggestion as "absurd" and affirmed that the Philippines will not seek China's approval for its activities. However, the council stated that Manila remains open to dialogue and peaceful negotiations to resolve disputes in the South China Sea. Reuters 

Questions arise over U.S., China’s mutual mistrust on military use of A.I.Analysts caution that the U.S. and China will find it difficult to cooperate on regulating military AI due to a lack of trust and their competition for AI supremacy. Concerns about military AI are growing as both nations seek to integrate it into their armed forces. A senior Chinese military officer, speaking during the Shangri-la Dialogue in Singapore this month, highlighted the risks of the U.S. rapidly applying AI to weapon systems, especially nuclear weapons. Beijing is addressing AI risks through the UN and its Global AI Governance Initiative, while the U.S. has led a political declaration on responsible AI use in the military, joined by over 50 countries but not China. Zhao Tong of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace noted that the competitive U.S.-China relationship is a major barrier to addressing military AI. Early May talks in Geneva between the two countries touched on AI risks but did not include military representatives. The U.S. emphasized that humans, not AI, would decide on deploying nuclear weapons, and urged China and Russia to adopt similar stances. Admiral Rob Bauer of NATO expressed concern about the unregulated use of new technologies on the battlefield, warning that as destructive capabilities increase, the ability to regulate them decreases. He emphasized the need for weapon system regulation to prevent great power conflicts. South China Morning Post 

What has China’s mysterious Shenlong space plane released 600 km above the Earth?  China's experimental reusable spacecraft, Shenlong, after being in low-Earth orbit for nearly six months, has released an object cataloged as 59884, which is now orbiting at approximately 600 km above Earth, similar to Shenlong's altitude. This release occurred on May 25, but unlike its second mission, it has not deployed any operational satellites, nor has the object exhibited any maneuvers or emitted signals since. This marks Shenlong's third mission, having launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Centre in December 2023. There's limited information about Shenlong's capabilities and size, often compared to the US military space plane X-37B. Following its inaugural flight in 2020 and a second in August 2022, where it tested recapturing a subsatellite, this mission remains shrouded in secrecy with no confirmed details about its activities or duration in orbit, as the Chinese space authorities have remained reticent about the mission specifics.  South China Morning Post 

Chinese fighter jets approached Dutch ship 'unsafely,' Netherlands says. Chinese fighter jets circled the Dutch frigate HNLMS Tromp and approached its helicopter in the East China Sea, creating a "potentially unsafe situation," according to the Netherlands' Defense Ministry. The incident occurred on Friday while the Tromp was patrolling in support of U.N. sanctions against North Korea. The event took place in international airspace. The Tromp is now heading to Japan and then to Hawaii for the "Rim of the Pacific" naval exercises. Reuters 

China, Pakistan to fortify collaboration in mining, oil and gas.China and Pakistan have agreed to enhance cooperation in mining, oil, and gas sectors, focusing on implementing a pact to boost mining development and industrial collaboration. During Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif's visit to Beijing, both nations committed to promoting Chinese investment in Pakistan's mining industry and developing mining industry parks. China will also support Pakistan in marine oil and gas exploration. This cooperation is part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor under China's Belt and Road Initiative. Reuters 

South Korea to host U.S. in Seoul for nuclear planning discussions.  South Korean officials revealed that Seoul and Washington were expected to hold talks on better coordinating their nuclear response to a potential conflict with North Korea, amid rising concerns over Pyongyang's expanding arsenal. This third meeting of the Nuclear Consultative Group (NCG) follows a 2023 summit where the U.S. pledged to give South Korea more insight into its nuclear planning. North Korea's efforts to make advancements in nuclear weapons and delivery systems have led to questions in the South about relying solely on the American nuclear umbrella, with some politicians advocating for developing their own nuclear weapons, a move opposed by Washington. The talks, guided by South Korea's deputy defense minister Cho Chang-rae and U.S. acting assistant secretary of defense Vipin Narang, will emphasize a strong stance against any nuclear attack by North Korea, warning it would result in a swift and decisive response and the end of Kim Jong Un's regime. Recently, South Korean Defense Minister Shin Won-sik and U.S. Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin reaffirmed their goal of North Korea's denuclearization and enhancing U.S. extended deterrence during a security conference in Singapore. Reuters 

South Korea blasts loudspeaker broadcasts after North's trash balloons. South Korea resumed its psychological warfare in the form of loudspeaker broadcasts toward North Korea, in response to North Korea's act of launching balloons filled with trash across the border. This escalation came after Pyongyang sent approximately 330 trash-laden balloons over two days, with South Korea's military warning of potential continuous countermeasures depending on North Korea's reactions. The broadcasts, which had been halted since a 2018 agreement, are part of South Korea's strategy to send messages of hope to North Korean troops and civilians, while also retaliating against North Korean provocations, including previous balloon launches of trash and anti-South propaganda leaflets by North Korea. The ongoing conflict has seen a cyclical pattern of provocations and retaliations between the two nations, affecting the delicate peace in the region.  Reuters Associated Press Al Jazeera 

North Korea leader's sister warns of new response against South Korean loudspeakers, leaflets.  In response to North Korea sending balloons filled with trash and manure across the border, South Korea resumed its loudspeaker broadcasts and leaflet scattering, heightening tensions between the two countries. Kim Yo Jong, the influential sister of North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, warned of severe counteractions if South Korea continued these psychological warfare tactics. The broadcasts, resumed on a Sunday following a North Korean balloon offensive the day prior, included world news and K-pop music, aimed to reach deep into North Korean territory. This move marks a significant escalation in provocations since a 2018 agreement to cease such activities, with North Korea previously reacting strongly by firing at the balloons and speakers involved.  Reuters

India's Modi sworn in as PM for third term, faces coalition challenges. Narendra Modi was sworn in as India's Prime Minister for a third term after a surprising election outcome that posed challenges for his leadership in a coalition government. The ceremony, held at the Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi, was attended by numerous dignitaries. During the inauguration, Modi was cheered on by supporters and senior ministers from his previous administration took oaths, with their new roles to be announced later. The event was overshadowed by news of a deadly attack in Jammu and Kashmir that killed nine Hindu pilgrims, highlighting security challenges. This term, Modi faces the task of governing with a coalition, which is a shift from the previous outright majorities his party enjoyed, potentially complicating his administration’s efforts to manage economic and social policies amid varied regional party interests.  Reuters Associated Press Al Jazeera 

Militants target Hindu pilgrims in India, at least 9 killed.  In Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, a tragic incident occurred when a bus carrying Hindu pilgrims was ambushed by suspected militants and fell into a gorge, resulting in the deaths of nine people and injuring 33 others. This attack happened concurrently with Prime Minister Narendra Modi's inauguration for a third term, stirring political tensions and criticisms from opposition leaders about the persistent security challenges in the region. Despite a general decrease in local insurgent numbers, with 70-80 foreign militants still active, the area remains tense and fraught with violence, a remnant of the anti-Indian insurgency that began in 1989. The search for the attackers is ongoing as authorities moved the injured to hospitals for medical attention.   Reuters Associated Press Al Jazeera 

Pakistan's army says bomb blast kills seven soldiers.  A bomb blast in northwestern Pakistan's Lakki Marwat district, close to the Afghanistan border, killed seven soldiers, including an officer. The attack involved an improvised explosive device that detonated near their military vehicle. This area, known for its lawlessness, has historically been a haven for Islamist militants. Although no group has claimed responsibility, the region is a stronghold for Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), a coalition of militant groups opposing the Pakistani government and advocating for an Islamic state based on a strict interpretation of Islam. TTP leaders, reportedly based in Afghanistan, are accused by Islamabad of orchestrating attacks within Pakistan, worsening the already strained relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan.  Reuters 

“Turn the heat down:” Australian Prime Minister denounces vandalism of U.S. consulate with pro-Palestine graffiti.Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese on Monday condemned an attack on the U.S. consulate in Sydney, where it was defaced with pro-Palestinian graffiti and attacked with a sledgehammer. Albanese urged protesters to "turn the heat down," stating that such actions are criminal and unhelpful. New South Wales Premier Chris Minns also criticized the incident, calling it “reprehensible” and highlighting the need for respectful public debate. Security footage showed a hooded figure vandalizing the consulate early Monday morning. This follows similar incidents of vandalism, including one in April and another at the U.S. consulate in Melbourne last month. Although Australia is a close ally of Israel, it has recently criticized Israeli actions in Gaza. Al Jazeera

EUROPE

Biden, Macron reach agreement on using seized Russian assets for Ukraine.  President Joe Biden confirmed that the U.S. and French President Emmanuel Macron have agreed on a plan to use profits from frozen Russian assets to support Ukraine. These assets, totaling approximately 260 billion euros held primarily within the EU, generate annual profits estimated between 2.5 to 3.5 billion euros. The plan, supported by the G7 and the EU, proposes using these funds to secure a substantial loan for Ukraine, aiming to stabilize its financial needs into 2025. While the U.S. views this strategy as leveraging a windfall, Russia contests that diverting these funds constitutes theft. This initiative reflects broader efforts by the U.S. and its allies to financially bolster Ukraine amidst ongoing conflicts.  Reuters

Russia will not 'stop at Ukraine', Biden says after talks with Macron.  In Paris, President Joe Biden emphasized the ongoing U.S. commitment to support Ukraine amidst the Russian invasion, warning that Putin’s ambitions extend beyond Ukraine and could threaten the broader European region. He firmly stated that the U.S. would not withdraw its support for Ukraine. During his state visit, which included commemorations of the D-Day landings' 80th anniversary, Biden and French President Emmanuel Macron discussed enhancing cooperation to alleviate Middle East tensions, particularly concerning Israel and Hezbollah. They also addressed transatlantic trade disputes exacerbated by the U.S. Inflation Reduction Act. Biden's remarks also touched on the broader implications for American democracy and the importance of allied unity in facing global challenges. France24  Reuters

G7 plans to warn small Chinese banks over Russia ties. At the upcoming G7 summit in Italy, U.S. officials anticipate that a strong warning will be issued to smaller Chinese banks to cease aiding Russia in circumventing Western sanctions, as part of broader discussions on the growing Chinese-Russian economic ties and their implications for the conflict in Ukraine. The focus will particularly be on smaller financial institutions without imposing immediate harsh measures like restricting SWIFT access or dollar transactions. The exact details of the warning are still under negotiation. Additionally, the G7 plans to discuss leveraging Russian assets frozen in the West to benefit Ukraine, amidst concerns that Chinese financial entities are still enabling trade that could support military activities. The U.S. is also considering new sanctions on financial and non-financial entities to further restrict Russia’s sanction evasion activities.  Reuters 

Friday June 7- Denmark's Prime Minister Frederiksen assaulted in central Copenhagen, man arrested.  In Copenhagen, Denmark's Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen experienced an assault by a man in the central part of the city but appeared unharmed afterwards. The incident occurred just days before the EU elections and follows a recent attack on Slovakia's Prime Minister. The attacker was promptly arrested, and while details remain sparse, the Danish police are conducting an investigation. This event has understandably shaken those close to the Prime Minister, highlighting the tense security atmosphere surrounding European political figures.  Reuters

French researcher pleads guilty in Moscow for failing to register as foreign agent.  Laurent Vinatier, a French researcher specializing in Russia and conflict mediation, pleaded guilty in Moscow for failing to register as a foreign agent while researching the Russian military. He faces up to five years in prison, despite a request for his release endorsed by the French embassy. His arrest adds to a number of foreign nationals detained in Russia amid tense relations between Russia and the West. U.S. and French officials have criticized these detentions as part of Russia's "hostage diplomacy." Vinatier, who has worked in conflict zones and written on Chechnya, is seen by colleagues as a committed academic, not a spy. His arrest is viewed as part of Moscow's broader strategy of stifling dissent and controlling narrative by labeling critics as foreign agents.  Reuters

Friday June 7- EU executive says Ukraine, Moldova ready to start EU accession talks.  The European Commission announced that Ukraine and Moldova have met all necessary criteria to begin EU accession negotiations, a decision now pending the approval of EU member states. This statement was made by Commission spokesperson Ana Pisonero, who highlighted that the next steps involve adopting a negotiating framework by the EU member states. Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal expressed optimism that negotiations could commence this month, emphasizing the symbolic importance of EU talks as Ukraine continues to battle Russian advances in its eastern regions. The EU's internal process requires unanimous agreement from all member states to start the negotiations, with Belgium, currently holding the EU presidency, planning intergovernmental conferences on June 25 if consensus is reached. However, Hungary’s skepticism and its forthcoming EU presidency might pose challenges to the immediate start of negotiations.  Reuters

Suspect in attack on Navalny aide can't be extradited to Lithuania, court says.  In Warsaw, a Polish appeals court decided that one of two Polish men detained for the assault on Leonid Volkov, a former aide to the late Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, could not be extradited to Lithuania due to ongoing proceedings in Poland. The men were arrested for attacking Volkov with a hammer in Vilnius on March 12, causing injuries. They were charged in Lithuania with intentionally causing minor bodily harm due to Volkov's beliefs. The decision on the extradition of the second man is still pending. Volkov has accused Russian President Vladimir Putin of orchestrating the attack, while Russian authorities attribute Navalny's February death in prison to natural causes, a claim disputed by his supporters.  Reuters 

Putin’s daughters make rare appearance at St. Petersburg economic forum.  Maria Vorontsova and Katerina Tikhonova, daughters of Russian President Vladimir Putin, participated in the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum, a rare public engagement for them. Vorontsova, an endocrinologist involved in biotechnology, and Tikhonova, a tech executive focused on the military-industrial complex's technological sovereignty, both spoke at the event. Tikhonova, specifically, has been a regular speaker at the forum and was moderated by Vladimir Soloviev, a noted Putin supporter. Both daughters have faced sanctions from the US and UK due to their roles supporting Russia's defense sector. Their public appearances and professional involvements contrast with their father's typically secretive stance about his family's activities and wealth, which some suspect might be concealed within their financial dealings.  CNN

Tensions flare on Poland-Belarus border as more migrants arrive.  In a tense situation along the Poland-Belarus border, a group of migrants, primarily young men from the Middle East, awaited an opportunity to cross into Poland despite the presence of heavily patrolled razor-wire fences. The rising migration tensions are set against a backdrop of European political dynamics, with accusations from Poland and the EU suggesting that Belarus and Russia are instigating a "hybrid war" by pushing migrants across the border to create instability. This geopolitical struggle is highlighted by a recent incident where a Polish soldier died from wounds received during a confrontation with migrants, leading to plans to reintroduce a no-go zone along the border to protect Polish forces. Amidst these conditions, migrants like Ahmed from Syria and Noaman from Yemen share personal struggles of crossing the border, facing physical violence and deception by smugglers, illustrating the human aspect of this geopolitical crisis.  Reuters

Amid far-right noise, pro-European center holds – albeit weakened. Pro-European parties retained a majority in the European Parliament, with the European People’s Party (EPP) winning 189 of the 720 seats, an increase of 15 MEPs. The Socialists and Democrats (S&D) secured 135 seats, despite losing some. Renew Europe, despite significant losses, remained the third-largest force with 83 seats. The centrist-democratic majority is projected to have 407 MEPs. The Greens, despite suffering losses, presented themselves as potential coalition partners. Far-right and national conservatives saw modest gains. French President Macron, facing significant losses, announced snap parliamentary elections. Overall turnout slightly decreased to 48.8%, with notable variations across countries. EUObserver 

Macron calls snap French elections after far-right rout by Le Pen. French President Emmanuel Macron has called for snap legislative elections following a defeat to Marine Le Pen's far-right National Rally (RN) in the EU vote. This move risks diminishing Macron's control over domestic affairs if the RN wins a parliamentary majority. Le Pen's RN party, led by Jordan Bardella, secured 32% of the vote compared to Macron's 15%. Macron said the EU result was grim for his government and one he could not ignore. In an address to the nation, less than two months before Paris hosts the Olympics, he said lower house elections would be called for June 30, with a second-round vote on July 7. The elections could potentially elevate the far-right to real political power, challenging Macron's presidency three years before its end. Reuters Kyiv Independent  

EU’s eastern members see strong performances by centrist parties. In the European Parliament elections, pro-European centrist parties performed well in central and eastern Europe, contrasting with the far-right surge elsewhere. In Poland, Prime Minister Donald Tusk's Civic Coalition (KO) led with 38.2%, ahead of the nationalist Law and Justice (PiS) party's 33.9%. Hungary saw Prime Minister Viktor Orban's Fidesz party win with 43.8%, but the pro-European Tisza surged to 31%, led by political newcomer Peter Magyar. Romania's ruling coalition of Social Democrats (PSD) and Liberals (PNL) won 54%, while Slovakia's Progressive Slovakia outperformed the leftist-nationalist SMER-SD, led by Prime Minister Robert Fico. In the Czech Republic, the populist ANO party beat the governing center-right Spolu group. Reuters 

German far-right makes strong gains in EU vote, ruling parties suffer. The far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) gained significantly in the European Union elections, securing second place with 16.2% of the vote, particularly among younger voters and in the former Communist East. Chancellor Olaf Scholz's Social Democrats suffered their worst result ever. The rise of new populist parties like the Sahra Wagenknecht Alliance (BSW) and growing discontent with mainstream parties complicates coalition formations for future elections. Despite scandals and anti-extremism protests, the AfD capitalized on anti-European sentiment and frustration with Brussels bureaucracy, appealing to voters tired of EU policies and advocating for a ban on CO2-emitting cars. Reuters 

Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s party takes the most votes, but new challenger scores big win.  Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s Fidesz party won the most votes in the EU elections but saw a sharp decline in support, securing 44% compared to 52% in 2019. New challenger Péter Magyar's Respect and Freedom (TISZA) party gained 30%, marking a significant shift in Hungarian politics. This election, seen as a referendum on Orbán’s popularity amid economic crisis and scandals, had a record 57% voter turnout. Magyar's party aims to challenge Orbán in the 2026 national elections, with Orbán emphasizing anti-EU sentiments and conservative issues like migration and LGBTQ+ rights in his campaign.Associated Press   Kyiv Independent  

German, French far right gains in EU Parliament vote.  The far-right made gains in voting for the European Parliament Sunday.  The center, liberal and Socialist parties were set to retain a majority in the 720-seat parliament. The vote was a blow for the leaders of both France and Germany.  To  try to reestablish his authority, Macroncalled a parliamentary election, the first round to take place June 30. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz‘s Social Democrats lost to mainstream conservatives and hard right Alternative for Germany (AfD). Italian Prime MinisterGiorgia Meloni saw her position strengthened by her arch-conservative Brothers of Italy group winning the most votes, exit polls showed.  Therightwards shift inside the European Parliament may make it tougher to pass newlegislation on security challenges, climate change and China.Reuters Associated Press 

Moscow protests to Armenia after Armenian delegation visits Kyiv.  Russia's Foreign Ministry issued a note of protest to  Armenia  after an Armenian delegation visited the Ukrainian city of Bucha earlier in June, TASS reported June 9.  After the city was liberated at the end of March 2022,mass graves with civilians were discovered, and thousands ofwar crimes were documented, making Bucha a symbol of Russian atrocities in Ukraine. Armenian Ambassador to Ukraine Vladimir Karapetyan and Tigran Ter-Margaryan, the head of the Nor Nork district of Yerevan, met with Bucha Mayor Anatolii Fedoruk on June 2.  Kyiv Independent

THE MIDDLE EAST

ANALYSIS- ‘Balanced vagueness’: has China’s Middle East engagement strategy reached its limits?  The response of Beijing to the Israel-Gaza conflict has highlighted the limitations of China's Middle East strategy, which has traditionally focused on trade and investment. Critics argue that China's stance is self-serving, aimed more at competing with the U.S. for regional influence rather than addressing the conflicts directly. Analysts have noted that China’s lack of condemnation of Hamas and its overall transactional approach in the region suggest a realpolitik strategy, primarily serving China's interests rather than fostering genuine mediation. Despite this, some Chinese officials insist that their approach remains principled and consistent. This perception has led to strained relations with Israel and skepticism about China’s role as a mediator in Middle Eastern conflicts.  South China Morning Post 

U.S., Saudi Arabia close to finalizing draft security treaty. The Biden administration is nearing completion of a treaty with Saudi Arabia, known as the Strategic Alliance Agreement, which would oblige the U.S. to defend Saudi Arabia in return for diplomatic concessions, including advancing ties between Riyadh and Israel. This complex deal also proposes a U.S.-Saudi civil nuclear pact, supports the creation of a Palestinian state, and aims to end the ongoing conflict in Gaza. The treaty, which requires a challenging two-thirds Senate majority for approval, would additionally restrict Saudi cooperation with China and grant the U.S. access to Saudi territory and airspace to safeguard American and regional interests. This agreement is seen as a continuation of the U.S.'s strategic pivot in the region, aligning closely with Washington's mutual security arrangements similar to those with Japan.  Reuters 

Yemen Houthi rebels claim latest attack on cargo ship in the Gulf of Aden. A missile attack by Yemen's Houthi rebels targeted an Antigua- and Barbuda-flagged cargo ship in the Gulf of Aden, marking another violent incident in regional shipping. The assault involved two missiles, one of which ignited a fire on the ship's forward station, later extinguished by the crew, while the second missile missed its target. During the attack, nearby small boats also opened fire on the ship, though no injuries were reported. The British military confirmed the attack and ongoing damage control efforts. Houthi spokesperson, Brig. Gen. Yahya Saree, claimed responsibility for the attack, stating it was executed with both missiles and drones, and also alleged similar unverified strikes on additional vessels in the Arabian Sea. This incident is part of a broader pattern of Houthi attacks on shipping in the Red Sea, purportedly aimed at influencing the broader conflict between Israel and Hamas, despite the targeted ships having no direct involvement in the conflict.  Associated Press

Iran announces six candidates approved for June 28 presidential election. Iran announced six candidates, mostly conservatives, approved for the June 28 presidential election, following President Ebrahim Raisi’s death in a helicopter crash. The candidates include conservative parliamentary speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, ultraconservative Saeed Jalili, reformist Massoud Pezeshkian, former interior minister Mostafa Pourmohammadi, Tehran mayor Alireza Zakani, and vice president Amirhossein Ghazizadeh-Hashemi. Former president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and moderate ex-parliament speaker Ali Larijani were disqualified. The election, brought forward due to Raisi’s death, comes amid ongoing regional conflicts and diplomatic tensions over Iran’s nuclear program. France 24 Associated Press

AFRICA

Zambia sentences 22 Chinese nationals to prison for multinational cybercrimes.  Zambia’s Magistrates Court on Friday sentenced 22 Chinese nationals to prison terms ranging from seven to eleven years for cyber crimes, including internet fraud and online scams targeting people in Zambia, Singapore, Peru, and the UAE. They were also fined between $1,500 and $3,000 after pleading guilty to charges of  identity fraud, computer-related misrepresentation, and illicit network operations. A Cameroonian national received similar sentences. They were part of a group of 77 individuals, mostly Zambians, arrested in April for involvement in a sophisticated internet fraud syndicate. Investigations commenced after officials saw a rise in cyber-fraud cases, leading to a raid on a Chinese-run business in Lusaka, which uncovered over 13,000 SIM cards, firearms, and ammunition. The business had employed young Zambians to conduct deceptive conversations using various online platforms. The local suspects were released on bail. Associated Press 

Central African Republic suspends Chinese mining company operations for suspected links to armed groups. The government of the Central African Republic has suspended the operations of Daqing SARL, a Chinese gold and diamond mining company, after accusing it of cooperating with armed militias, engaging in illegal activities, and failing to pay taxes and submit activity reports. The company's operations were based in Mingala, a conflict-prone town located in the nation’s south. The Central African Republic, one of the poorest countries in the world, has been embroiled in conflict since 2013, despite a 2019 peace deal that partially reduced fighting. Rebel groups, including the Coalition of Patriots for Change, continue to hinder mining activities. Chinese-run mining companies face significant security challenges; recent attacks have resulted in multiple fatalities among Chinese workers. Associated Press 

U.S. citizens appear in court on trial in Congo after thwarted coup attempt.  Three American citizens, accused of involvement in last month's failed coup attempt in Congo, on Friday appeared in a military court in Kinshasa along with dozens of other defendants. The coup, led by opposition figure Christian Malanga, targeted the presidential palace and resulted in six deaths, including Malanga. The defendants face charges including terrorism, murder, and criminal association, many of which are punishable by death. Marcel Malanga, the 21-year-old son of Christian Malanga, and his friend Tyler Thompson Jr., who had traveled from Utah, claimed they were unaware of the coup plans. Thompson's family only recently confirmed his survival. The third American, Benjamin Reuben Zalman-Polun, who has a past conviction for marijuana trafficking, was also involved, allegedly due to connections with a gold mining company linked to Malanga. A Belgian-Congolese researcher, Jean-Jacques Wondo, also appeared in court, though Human Rights Watch questioned the credibility of the evidence against him. The trial is set to continue next Friday. Reuters Associated Press

Death toll in attack on Congo villages rises to 41. The death toll of a brutal Friday assault by suspected Islamist rebels on villages in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo has risen to 41. The attack, carried out by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF), involved the use of guns and machetes and took place overnight in Beni territory. The ADF, originating from Uganda and now based in eastern Congo, has pledged allegiance to Islamic State and frequently attacks the region, contributing to its instability. In addition to the fatalities, a local health center was set ablaze, and nine people were injured. The European Union has called for accelerated efforts to find a political solution to the region's instability. A former governor of North Kivu criticized the national government for not doing enough to address the rising insecurity. The government has not yet commented on the attack. Reuters 

Aid organization says Sudan's al-Fashir main hospital closed after RSF assault. Doctors Without Borders (MSF) reported on Sunday that a major hospital in the city of al-Fashir in northwestern Sudan's Darfur region was targeted by paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) and closed due to the attack. Al-Fashir, with over 1.8 million residents and displaced people, has become a battleground in the war between the Sudanese army and the RSF, which began in April 2023. The RSF, which controls the capital of Khartoum and the majority of western Sudan, is pushing further into central Sudan, and the UN warns of imminent famine risk for the war-torn nation. The South Hospital, the only facility capable of handling mass casualty events in al-Fashir, received 1,315 wounded and recorded 208 deaths from May 10 to June 6. MSF condemned the RSF for opening fire inside the hospital, which had been evacuating patients after multiple impacts from fighting since May 25. During the latest assault, several people were killed or injured, and medical supplies as well as an ambulance were looted; eyewitnesses reported missile strikes by the RSF on the hospital. A separate attack on Abu Shouk camp injured over 30 and killed at least two on Saturday. Local residents and reports have blamed the RSF for attacks on 40 settlements around al-Fashir since March. Those fleeing the city face dangers on RSF-controlled roads, with many attacked or killed. Most refugees head south to Zamzam camp or west to Tawila and Jebel Mara, controlled by various armed groups. Reuters Associated Press

CYBER & TECH

Cybersecurity jobs threatened by deep fakes, fraudsters and hackers. Companies looking to hire cybersecurity professionals are facing a new threat: hackers posing as job applicants, made harder to detect due to artificial intelligence. The global cybersecurity sector has a shortage of about four million professionals, which fraudsters are exploiting. Lili Infante, CEO of CAT Labs, revealed that North Korean hackers frequently apply for jobs at her cryptocurrency recovery startup, with over 50 spies identified and rejected. These spies aim to steal intellectual property and introduce vulnerabilities to loot assets. The U.S. Justice Department recently found over 300 companies unknowingly hired North Koreans for remote IT work. Security leaders are not only wary of spies but also applicants exaggerating their qualifications. Brent Conran of Intel and Meredith Harper of Synchrony Financial emphasize rigorous interview processes and technical assessments to ensure candidate credibility. The rise of AI tools like ChatGPT and deep fakes has made it easier for impostors to create convincing résumés and fake identities. Infante highlights red flags like suspicious résumés and VoIP phone numbers. She employs automated identity verification and credential checks to prevent hiring fraud. Despite these challenges, most cybersecurity professionals believe AI will ultimately benefit their work. Wall Street Journal 

Google, Microsoft warn that 2024 Paris Olympics faces high risk of cyber threats.Both Google and Microsoft have cautioned that the 2024 Paris Olympics is facing significant cyber threats, particularly from Russian threat actors. Google’s Mandiant cybersecurity team outlines a range of threats, including espionage, disruption, destruction, hacktivism, influence operations, and financially motivated activities, potentially targeting event organizers, sponsors, ticketing systems, infrastructure, and attendees. Russian threat groups pose the highest risk, while state-sponsored actors from China, Iran, and North Korea are considered moderate to low threats. The presence of numerous government officials and decision-makers at the Olympics increases the risk of cyberespionage, and threat actors aiming for disruption may use DDoS attacks, defacement, wiper malware, or OT attacks to cause psychological and reputational damage. Financially motivated actors may engage in ticket scams, data theft, and extortion, using Olympics-related lures for social engineering. Mandiant highlights Russia's severe threat level due to its history of targeting previous Olympics and its tense relationship with Europe, evidenced by pro-Russian operations already targeting France. Microsoft reports that Russian cyber activities related to the Olympics began in June of last year, including a fake AI-generated film defaming the International Olympic Committee. Russia-affiliated actors are conducting influence campaigns against France, the Paris Games, French President Macron, and the IOC. These campaigns, attributed to groups like Storm-1679 and Storm-1099 (Doppelganger), include narratives predicting terrorist attacks and violence at the Olympics, using generative AI to amplify their reach. Microsoft expects these malign activities to increase, spreading to more languages to maximize impact and visibility online. Security Week 

Cleveland City Hall, Erieview satellite office shut tomorrow due to a “cyber incident.” The City of Cleveland reportedly launched a probe into a cyber incident on Monday, and shut down all affected systems and software platforms as a precautionary measure. The city stated that the systems will remain offline until investigators have understood the situation. The incident did not impact city and emergency services, airports, or public utilities. Cleveland City Hall, as well as the Erieview satellite office, were closed on Monday. Nick Castele X  Fox 8

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The data cutoff for this product was 7:00 a.m. E.T.

Brad Christian, Elaine Shannon, Allison Brown, Brian Bonner, Ken Hughes, Katharine Campbell contributed to this report.

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