Open Source Report for Thursday, April 17, 2025

THE TOP HEADLINES

Report for Thursday, April 17, 2025

Ukraine rejects proposal by Witkoff that would cede territory

Denmark to send unarmed soldiers to Ukraine for drone warfare training

The West as we knew it is dead, warns Ursula von der Leyen

Tech war: Nvidia founder Huang visits Beijing amid US restrictions on H20 chips

Trump Waved Off Israeli Strike After Divisions Emerged in His Administration

CIPHER BRIEF EXCLUSIVES

The ODNI, 20 Years After Its Creation: Reflections from the First Director. To mark the 20th anniversary of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI), The Cipher Brief interviewed Amb. John Negroponte, the first DNI, who was appointed in 2005 amid post-9/11 reforms. Negroponte recalled getting the job offer in Baghdad and joked that his wife told him to “take it” out of desperation to return home. Reflecting on the ODNI’s mission, he emphasized: “Every team needs a manager,” describing the ODNI’s value in coordinating a sprawling intelligence community. While President Bush claimed he would “control the budget,” Negroponte later realized “that turned out not to be the case.” He adopted recommendations from the Robb-Silberman Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission to avoid future analytic failures and considered the National Counterterrorism Center the ODNI’s “jewel in the crown.” Although critics label it bloated, Negroponte defended its size and utility, noting, “I recognize bloated bureaucracy when I see it.” He warned, however, that ODNI’s future remains uncertain. The Cipher Brief

Opinion Tariffs Delivered the Jolt – Now Comes the Build.  President Trump was aware that imposing sweeping tariffs to transform global trade would wreak havoc with the world economy. But, argues Gilman Louie, managing partner at America’s Frontier Fund and chairman of the Federation of American Scientists, Trump moved ahead aggressively with his tariff plan because only through a shock to the system could he get the leverage that would enable him to force a reckoning with America’s trading partners.  Tariffs alone can’t finish the job, Louie writes. Now the Trump Administration must establish a U.S. sovereign wealth fund to rebuild America’s industrial strength, invest in critical infrastructure, accelerate innovation, and reestablish the U.S. as the world’s manufacturing powerhouse. The Cipher Brief

THE UKRAINE UPDATE

Power is being monopolized in Ukraine. As Ukraine’s war with Russia enters its fourth year, critics warn that power is increasingly being centralized in President Volodymyr Zelensky’s hands, risking democratic backsliding. While Ukraine’s domestically produced weaponry and drone innovation have reduced reliance on Western aid, political concerns are mounting. Civil society figures like Vitaly Shabunin face harassment, opposition leaders like Petro Poroshenko face legal targeting, and independent media are pressured for criticism. “While the Western media...turned [Zelensky] into a celebrity, we feel trapped,” says Yulia Mostovaya of ZN.UA. Critics point to the growing influence of unelected officials in the president’s inner circle, such as Andriy Yermak and Oleh Tatarov, who increasingly sideline rivals and consolidate power. Though centralization is a wartime reality, observers worry that Ukraine risks trading democratic vibrancy for authoritarian control. As MP Olexiy Honcharenko warns, “a small autocracy can be swallowed by a larger one,” highlighting fears that Ukraine could mimic the very enemy it is fighting. The Economist

Ukraine, U.S. make 'substantial progress' on minerals deal, Kyiv says. Ukraine and the U.S. have made “substantial progress” toward a minerals agreement, according to Ukraine’s First Deputy Prime Minister Yulia Svyrydenko. A memorandum is expected soon as a first step, though a final deal remains under negotiation. The proposed agreement, pushed by President Trump, aims to recoup U.S. military aid costs—now estimated at $100 billion—and spur economic growth in both nations. It includes provisions for joint investment in Ukraine’s natural resources but offers no security guarantees. Ukrainian officials emphasize continued legal and technical discussions, with parliamentary ratification needed once finalized. The deal may significantly shape Ukraine’s postwar economic strategy. Reuters

Ukrainians roll eyes at Witkoff, reject border changes. Ukraine has firmly rejected a proposal relayed by U.S. special envoy Steve Witkoff that peace with Russia could come in exchange for ceding five regions. Foreign Ministry spokesman Heorhii Tykhyi reaffirmed Ukraine’s unwavering stance: it will never recognize occupied territories as Russian, limit its defense or foreign aid, or allow other countries to dictate its alliances. After meeting with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Witkoff reportedly echoed Moscow’s position, but Kyiv insists territorial integrity is non-negotiable under international law. Politico EU

Europeans, Ukrainians to make their case as Rubio and Witkoff visit Paris. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and President Trump’s envoy Steve Witkoff arrived in Paris for talks with European leaders, as a previously unannounced Ukrainian delegation also joined to press for stronger U.S. support. Europe is alarmed by Trump's overtures to Moscow after a failed ceasefire proposal. Ukraine hopes to revive support after Russia’s deadly Sumy strike. Meanwhile, Witkoff will continue to Rome for further nuclear talks with Iran. Trump warned he’d bomb Iran’s facilities if no deal is reached. Reuters

Ukraine accuses Russia of attacking its energy infrastructure 30 times since March. Ukraine accused Russia of violating a limited energy ceasefire over 30 times since it began on March 25, targeting infrastructure in Kherson, Mykolaiv, and Poltava. Both sides blame each other for breaching the U.S.-brokered agreement, which was intended as a first step toward a broader peace deal. Ukraine has accepted the wider truce proposal, but Russia has stalled progress with new conditions. Meanwhile, intense fighting continues across the 1,000-kilometer frontline, with major clashes near Pokrovsk, Toretsk, Lyman, and signs of a potential Russian offensive in Kharkiv and Sumy. Reuters

Russia set to end energy ceasefire with Ukraine, even as fighting rages. Russia is poised to end a 30-day ceasefire on energy infrastructure in Ukraine, dampening hopes for a broader peace deal championed by President Donald Trump’s envoy, Steve Witkoff. Although Witkoff claimed progress after meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin, Russian officials dismissed any near-term agreement and reiterated maximalist demands, including full control over five annexed Ukrainian regions, Ukrainian demilitarization, and NATO exclusion. The ceasefire’s vague terms and disputed start date have led to mutual accusations of violations. Russia has continued deadly strikes, including recent missile attacks killing civilians in Sumy and Kryvyi Rih. Critics say Trump’s team lacks expertise, parrots Kremlin narratives, and excludes European partners. Trump blamed President Volodymyr Zelensky and his predecessor, Joe Biden, for the war and has yet to act on threats against Russia’s oil sector. Washington Post

Russian missiles hit Sumy civilians as military held ceremony, soldier says. A Russian missile strike on Palm Sunday killed 35 civilians and wounded over 100 in central Sumy, Ukraine, after Ukrainian soldiers gathered nearby for a military medal ceremony held underground. While the troops were unharmed, the presence of a military event in a densely populated civilian area likely made the surrounding neighborhood a target. The blasts struck a bus, university buildings, and crowded streets as families attended church and public events. Survivors and local residents have blamed both Russia and Ukrainian officials, accusing them of endangering civilians by holding military functions in vulnerable urban zones so close to the front. Washington Post

Russian attack that left bodies scattered on city streets is not a ‘mistake’ — it’s a strategy. Russia’s recent missile strike on Sumy, which killed 35 and wounded 117, is not a mistake but a calculated strategy to terrorize civilians and turn them against Ukraine’s government. Similar to the April 4 Kryvyi Rih attack, Russia aims to pressure Kyiv into negotiating peace on Moscow’s terms. However, experts say such tactics rarely cause populations to rebel against their governments. Internal Ukrainian tensions emerged as some officials blamed the military for hosting events during known attack windows. Russia claims it targeted military gatherings, but evidence often disproves these justifications. Civilians increasingly fear proximity to soldiers, fearing missile strikes. Politico EU

Russia says it repelled drone attack on region hosting an attack brigade. Russia said it shot down seven Ukrainian drones over Ivanovo, home to a missile brigade Kyiv blames for the deadly Sumy attack that killed 35. Ukraine had also reportedly struck a Russian base in Kursk linked to the attack. Russia claims the Sumy strike targeted Ukrainian officers. No Ukrainian comment yet. Reuters

Ex-UK defense minister ‘disgusted’ by Trump’s attitude to Putin and Russia. Former UK Defense Minister Grant Shapps said he was “disgusted” by President Donald Trump’s response to Russia’s deadly missile strike on Sumy, Ukraine, calling Trump’s reaction “weasel language we used to hear from the Irish Republican Army.” He blasted Trump’s failure to condemn Vladimir Putin, saying, “It disgusts me… the leader of the free world cannot tell the difference between the dictator… and the country that’s been invaded.” Shapps warned that Trump’s stance emboldens other autocrats: “Let one dictator get away with it, others will follow.” The Guardian

Ukraine prolongs martial law amid Russian air attacks, heavy ground battles. Ukraine’s parliament has extended martial law and military mobilization until Aug. 6 amid ongoing Russian airstrikes and fierce ground battles. The move delays elections, drawing criticism from both Russia and the U.S., though it enjoys broad domestic support. Critics like former President Petro Poroshenko accuse President Volodymyr Zelensky of using martial law to consolidate power. Meanwhile, Russia captured Kalynove in Donetsk, and both sides traded blame for violating a 30-day energy infrastructure strike moratorium, which remains in limbo as it nears expiration. Al Jazeera Reuters

Putin and Qatar's emir to discuss Ukraine and energy. Russian President Vladimir Putin will meet with Qatar’s Emir Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al-Thani in Moscow to discuss the Ukraine war, Syria, Gaza, and energy cooperation, including liquefied natural gas. Qatar has played a mediating role in global conflicts and previously facilitated humanitarian efforts in Ukraine. The Kremlin values its confidential dialogue with Qatar and sees the emir’s visit as a key moment to exchange views on pressing regional and global issues, including attempts to stabilize energy markets and resolve geopolitical tensions. Reuters

Rutte says Ukraine will soon receive new Patriot air defense systems. NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte confirmed that most of the seven promised Patriot air defense systems for Ukraine have been delivered or are on the way. He emphasized that allies typically honor commitments quickly. Highlighting the deadly Sumy missile strike, he stressed that each air defense battery is crucial for saving lives. Interfax

Denmark to send unarmed soldiers to Ukraine for drone warfare training. Denmark will send unarmed troops to Ukraine this summer for short-term training on drone warfare tactics, marking a rare move by a NATO country. The soldiers will observe Ukrainian methods but won’t engage in combat. Russia condemned the move as provocative. The initiative reflects Denmark’s deepening defense ties with Ukraine. Kyiv Independent

Klitschko's deputy charged over illegal border crossings scheme. Volodymyr Prokopiv, a deputy in Kyiv’s city administration, has been charged with organizing a scheme to illegally smuggle draft-age men out of Ukraine under the guise of humanitarian transport. Over 30 men reportedly escaped using falsified truck driver credentials. If convicted, Prokopiv faces up to seven years in prison. Kyiv Independent

Ex-governor of Russia's Kursk region held over embezzlement of defense funds. Russia’s Interior Ministry announced the arrest Wednesday of former Kursk governor Alexei Smirnov, charged with embezzling funds meant for building border defenses. Smirnov led the region during Ukraine’s August 2024 incursion. He and his deputy face pre-trial detention, linked to a broader corruption probe involving 800 million roubles. Reuters

Moscow plans to use seized US-owned company to feed Russian army, document shows. Russia plans to use Glavprodukt, a U.S.-owned canned food company seized in October, to supply its army, according to a letter seen by Reuters. The company, formerly owned by Los Angeles-based Leonid Smirnov, is now under state control. U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said the seizure will factor into U.S.-Russia talks. Smirnov denies wrongdoing, calling it a “corporate raid.” A Kremlin-connected firm, Druzhba Narodov, reportedly influenced management changes and stands to benefit from the expropriation. Reuters

The Ukrainian Schoolmaster Teaching History to His Invaders. Vitalii Dribnytsia, a retired Ukrainian history teacher, spends hours daily on Chatroulette confronting Russian citizens with historical truths about Ukraine. Since Russia's full-scale invasion in 2022, Dribnytsia has sought to debunk Kremlin propaganda—such as claims that Ukraine was a Soviet creation or that its leaders are neo-Nazis. Through his YouTube channel Vox Veritatis, which has nearly 500,000 subscribers, he shares these conversations, aiming less to convince Russians and more to educate Ukrainians shaped by Soviet-era myths. Though he rarely sways Russian opinions, his work is part of a broader effort in wartime Ukraine to reclaim national identity. “Most Russians aren’t here to learn,” he says, “they want to spread narratives.” Still, Dribnytsia persists, driven by the belief that accurate history is a defense against erasure. As historian Yaroslav Hrytsak notes, “If nobody sets the record straight, Mr. (Vladimir) Putin wins.” For many Ukrainians, Dribnytsia’s videos are a crash course in history, empowerment, and sovereignty. New York Times

Russia downs dozens of drones overnight, Ukraine strikes Shuya for second day. Russia said it downed 71 Ukrainian drones overnight across six regions, with nearly 50 intercepted in Kursk. Ukraine struck the town of Shuya for a second consecutive night, reportedly targeting a missile brigade base linked to the deadly Sumy strike. No casualties were reported. A drone was also downed near Zaporizhzhia’s nuclear plant. Reuters

Mass drone attack kills three, injures at least 30 in Ukraine's Dnipro, governor says. A Russian drone attack on the southeastern Ukrainian city of Dnipro killed three people, including a child, and injured at least 30, regional governor Serhiy Lysak reported. Sixteen victims, including five children, are hospitalized. Fires broke out across the city, with damage to homes, a student residence, and a food plant. Mayor Borys Filatov said a strike hit just 100 meters from city hall. In Izium, Kharkiv region, a separate missile attack injured two more civilians. Reuters

5 killed, 68 injured in Russian attacks on Ukraine over past day. At least five people were killed and 68 injured in widespread Russian attacks across Ukraine in the past day. Regional officials reported on Wednesday Russia launched 75 drones, ballistic missiles, and anti-aircraft missiles overnight; many drones were likely decoys. Ukrainian defenses intercepted 25 drones using electronic warfare, aviation, and missile units. In Dnipro, a drone strike killed three, including a child, and injured 30. Additional casualties were reported in Kherson, Kharkiv, Donetsk, and Zaporizhzhia, with widespread damage to homes, schools, and infrastructure. Kyiv Independent

ISW Russian Offensive Campaign Assessment for Wednesday, April 16. The White House reaffirmed that economic engagement with Russia is contingent on a ceasefire, while Russia continues to blame Ukraine and demand extreme concessions as preconditions for peace. Russia is relying heavily on millions of artillery rounds and ballistic missiles from North Korea, with nearly half of its frontline artillery firepower now sourced from Pyongyang. North Korean forces fighting alongside Russia have improved their battlefield tactics and coordination, shifting to smaller unit attacks and learning electronic warfare techniques. Russian authorities arrested former Kursk Governor Smirnov and his deputy, likely to scapegoat them for failures during Ukraine’s 2024 incursion and alleged embezzlement of defense funds. Ukrainian prosecutors reported the execution of an unarmed Ukrainian POW by Russian forces, amid a documented pattern of such war crimes increasing in frequency.

Battlefield update: Russian troops have gained ground near Toretsk, Pokrovsk, and Velyka Novosilka in eastern Ukraine. Institute for the Study of War

THE AMERICAS

Trump includes US troop costs in tariff talks with Asian allies.  President Donald Trump is linking U.S. troop deployments in South Korea and Japan to trade negotiations, despite both countries insisting defense cost-sharing should remain separate. Trump has suggested he may withdraw forces unless the countries increase their financial contributions, a tactic seen by analysts as part of a broader transactional approach to alliances. South Korea, which hosts 28,500 U.S. troops, recently signed a five-year agreement to raise its support by 8.3%, but officials now fear that early negotiation has backfired. Japan, home to 50,000 U.S. troops, also resists tying defense costs to tariffs. Trump’s push to reopen defense agreements is raising concerns in Seoul about U.S. commitment to regional security and could pressure South Korea into economic concessions. Questions over U.S. protection have even revived calls for South Korea to consider its own nuclear deterrent. The Pentagon and State Department have not commented, while U.S. military commanders continue to praise the two allies’ defense contributions.  Reuters

U.S. State Department shuttering office aimed at fighting foreign disinformation. Secretary of State Marco Rubio shut down the State Department’s office for countering foreign disinformation on Wednesday, placing around 40 staffers on paid leave, the first step toward firing them. The office, which had tracked malign influence campaigns by China, Russia, Iran, and terrorist groups, was accused by Rubio of “censoring Americans,” though he offered no evidence. James P. Rubin, who led the office under ex-President Joe Biden, condemned the move as “unilateral disarmament” in the global information war. The effort now falls under Darren Beattie, a controversial Trump appointee previously fired for links to white nationalist circles. Diplomats are bracing for deep budget cuts and embassy closures; even as global rivals intensify their influence operations. New York Times Politico Reuters The Hill Deutsche Welle The Guardian 

Trump’s D.C. U.S. attorney pick appeared on Russian state media over 150 times. Ed Martin, Donald Trump’s pick for U.S. attorney in Washington, D.C., appeared over 150 times on Russian state media networks RT and Sputnik between 2016 and 2024—far more than any major U.S. outlet. Martin failed to initially disclose these appearances to the Senate, sparking bipartisan concern. His commentary often echoed Russian propaganda, dismissing evidence of Russian military aggression and blaming U.S. elites for pushing conflict: “They weaponize this kind of crap… Big tech and big media are backed up by big government.” National security analysts warn his ties to Kremlin-backed media raise serious judgment and transparency issues. Critics argue that while media appearances aren’t illegal, they become problematic when used to amplify foreign influence: “Repeatedly helping Russia advance its propaganda aims… should be disqualifying,” said nuclear policy expert Joseph Cirincione. Despite controversy, the White House stands by Martin, calling him “the perfect leader” to restore order. Senate confirmation hearings are expected to be contentious. Washington Post

Pentagon leak probe expands as two more officials put on leave. A Pentagon leak investigation has widened to include aides Darin Selnick and Colin Carroll, following senior adviser Dan Caldwell’s removal. All three have been placed on administrative leave. Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth, backed by the Trump administration, is aggressively pursuing leaks of sensitive information, including possible polygraph tests. Reuters

Ex-New York police sergeant sentenced to 1-1/2 years in prison for acting as Chinese agent. Federal judge Pamela K. Chen Thursday sentenced Michael McMahon, 57, a former New York Police Department detective, to 18 months in prison for acting as an unregistered foreign agent, stalking and conspiracy.   McMahhon was convicted in 2023 of working for Chinese government operatives who were trying to force Chinese expatriate Xu Jin and his wife, Liu Fang, to return to China.  At the time, the Chinese government was running programs called Operation Fox Hunt and Operation Sky Net that harassed Chinese people living abroad.  Associated Press Reuters New York Times U.S. Department of Justice New York Post 

Why Elon Musk installed his top lieutenants at a federal agency you probably haven’t heard of. Elon Musk’s allies have quietly taken key roles at the General Services Administration (GSA), a powerful but obscure federal agency overseeing government real estate and contracts. Led by acting administrator Stephen Ehikian and other Musk associates, the team—linked to the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)—is pushing drastic cost-cutting, automation, and real estate downsizing. Concerns arose over unauthorized Starlink devices found at GSA HQ and controversial property sell-offs. Critics warn the aggressive moves could undermine essential government operations and oversight. Associated Press 

Pentagon inspector general report rehashes Space Command HQ debate. A Pentagon inspector general report revisits the long-running debate over the permanent location of U.S. Space Command headquarters. While the Trump administration selected Huntsville, Alabama, in 2021, concerns from Space Command leaders—citing readiness and personnel loss—prompted the Biden administration to reverse the decision, favoring Colorado Springs. The report outlines the conflicting views between Air Force and Space Command officials and criticizes the lack of transparency. House Armed Services Chair Mike Rogers condemned the reversal, calling it politically driven and harmful to national security. Defense News

Trump administration goes after Harvard’s ability to enroll foreign students.   Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem said Wednesday that Harvard University must share information on foreign students holding visas and involved in protests, or lose the ability to enroll students from abroad. Noem also announced the termination of two DHS grants to Harvard for $2.7 million.  A Harvard spokesperson said the university would comply with the law but would "not surrender its independence or relinquish its constitutional rights."  President Donald Trump's administration has threatened universities with federal funding cuts over campus protests against Israel's military campaign in Gaza. The administration is trying to deport some foreign protesters and has revoked hundreds of visas. "With a $53.2 billion endowment, Harvard can fund its own chaos - DHS won't," Noem said.  Reuters CBS News Times of India   

Trump administration seeking to expedite millions of deportation cases. The U.S. Justice Department has instructed immigration judges to quickly dismiss asylum cases that lack a clear legal basis, even without full hearings. This move, part of the Trump administration’s broader push to reduce court backlogs and speed up deportations, could affect a large portion of pending cases, many of which involve asylum seekers. The memo, issued April 11, aims to streamline court operations and support Trump's goal of expanding mass deportations. Judges, who are employees of the Justice Department, not independent courts, have been told to resolve nonviable cases immediately. Trump has criticized delays in the system and is also pursuing more detention space, including $45 billion in new contracts. In El Salvador, prison space for deportees is also expanding. Immigration courts are overwhelmed, with cases taking years. While winning asylum is rare—just 12% of cases were approved in 2024—many are still in limbo. The directive revives a similar but short-lived policy from Trump’s first term. However, legal experts note appeals are still possible, and recent cuts to the appeals board may actually slow the process rather than accelerate it. Bloomberg 

Judge Threatens Contempt Proceedings Over Deportation Flights to El Salvador. Federal Judge James Boasberg threatened contempt proceedings against the Trump administration for allegedly defying his order to halt deportation flights of Venezuelan migrants to El Salvador under the Alien Enemies Act. Despite his emergency directive in March, nearly 140 migrants were deported and imprisoned in a notorious Salvadoran facility. Boasberg criticized the administration's evasions and laid out escalating legal steps, including sworn testimony and possible criminal referrals. The administration's claims of national security and procedural technicalities failed to satisfy the court, while civil rights groups praised the judge’s efforts to uphold legal accountability and due process. New York Times Reuters Bloomberg 

‘Nothing Has Been Done’: Judge Rebukes U.S. Effort to Return Wrongly Deported Man. A federal judge sharply rebuked the Trump administration for failing to comply with a Supreme Court order to help free Kilmar Armando Abrego Garcia, a Maryland man wrongly deported to a brutal Salvadoran prison. “To date, nothing has been done,” Judge Paula Xinis said, setting a fast timeline for depositions and document handovers. Abrego Garcia, a father of three, had legal protection from deportation but was suddenly accused of MS-13 ties and sent to El Salvador. Judge Xinis called his removal “a grievous error” that “shocks the conscience,” and warned against executive defiance of court orders, likening it to “official kidnapping.”  New York Times  Reuters 

ANALYSIS–Trump’s Threats Force Institutions to Choose: Cut a Deal or Fight Back. President Trump’s aggressive pressure tactics have forced major institutions — including Harvard, elite law firms, and media outlets — to choose between appeasement and resistance, with a growing number now opting to push back. Harvard rejected the administration’s demands on hiring and curriculum, prompting federal funding cuts and threats to its tax-exempt status. Other universities and public figures, including Barack Obama and progressive lawmakers, are rallying in support. Critics warn that Trump’s strategy, rooted in coercion and political loyalty, threatens both institutional independence and critical research and educational missions across the country. New York Times

Pennsylvania governor's mansion arson suspect motivated by treatment of Palestinians.  Cody A. Balmer set fire to the Pennsylvania governor’s mansion because he thought Gov. Josh Shapiro supported Israel’s war in Gaza and the killing of Palestinians, according to a police search warrant made public Wednesday. Balmer placed a 911 call in which he said that Shapiro, who is Jewish, “needs to know that he ‘will not take part in his plans for what he wants to do to the Palestinian people,’” the search warrant said.  New York Times CNN Reuters The Guardian 

Mexico’s Sheinbaum sends U.S. a diplomatic memo on border security cooperation. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum on Wednesday announced that she has sent the United States a diplomatic memo on collaboration concerning security at the two nations’ shared border. On Tuesday, Washington unveiled an emergency transfer of almost 110,000 acres of federal land along the southern border to the Army, to aid in the curbing of illegal crossings. Reuters 

Mexico rules out renewing diplomatic relations with Ecuador. Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum on Wednesday declared that Mexico will not restore diplomatic ties with Ecuador as long as President Daniel Noboa remains in power. The dispute stems from Ecuador’s April 2024 raid on the Mexican embassy in Quito, where former Ecuadorian Vice President Jorge Glas, accused of corruption, had been granted asylum. Ecuador argued the asylum was invalid under international law and forcibly removed Glas. In response, Mexico withdrew its diplomats. Sheinbaum had supported Noboa’s rival, Luisa Gonzalez, in the recent presidential election, but her call for a recount was rejected. Reuters Barron's  

Carney says Trump key issue in Canada’s election, while Conservative rival says country needs change. In Canada’s election campaign, Prime Minister Mark Carney argued he’s best suited to handle U.S. President Trump, calling it the central issue of the race. His Conservative rival, Pierre Poilievre, countered that Canada needs real change, not a continuation of Liberal rule. Despite being in office just a month, Carney’s leadership has boosted Liberal poll numbers, reversing earlier deficits. The debate, held before a Canadiens hockey game, showed Carney steady but not game-changing, especially in Quebec. Associated Press 

‘Massive Blackout’ Leaves All of Puerto Rico Without Power.  A massive island-wide blackout struck Puerto Rico on Wednesday after all power plants unexpectedly went offline, leaving over 1.4 million residents without electricity. Officials suspect a transmission line issue in the south and warned restoration could take up to 72 hours. The outage disrupted transit, hospitals, and businesses amid ongoing grid reliability concerns. New York Times Reuters The Independent Times of India 

EUROPE

The West as we knew it is dead, warns Ursula von der Leyen. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen declared, “The West as we knew it no longer exists,” criticizing U.S. unpredictability under President Trump and praising Europe’s stability. In Die Zeit, she said, “We don’t have bros or oligarchs making the rules. We don’t invade our neighbors, and we don’t punish them,” contrasting Europe’s democratic values with Trump’s tariff chaos and Russia’s aggression. She highlighted Europe’s strengths: “In Europe, children can go to good schools however wealthy their parents are. We have lower CO₂ emissions, higher life expectancy, and controversial debates are allowed at our universities.” As Trump’s tariff threats rattled markets, von der Leyen noted, “It’s often easier to see your own strengths in somebody else’s mirror,” emphasizing that while global trade is diverse, “everyone wants predictability—and Europe delivers that.” The Times Euronews  

Italy’s Giorgia Meloni seeks to jump-start US-EU trade talks. Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni is meeting Donald Trump in Washington on Thursday to push forward stalled US-European Union trade talks, amid EU confusion over Trump’s tariff demands. Meloni, whom Trump calls “a wonderful woman,” urged diplomacy over retaliation, telling Italian business leaders, “We have overcome far greater obstacles… we will do our best, as always.” EU negotiators say Trump’s team hasn’t disclosed clear demands, and former Italian ambassador Stefano Stefanini noted, “She is talking to the decider… The US trade representative doesn’t really know.” Meloni’s nationalist stance and ties with Trump may help clarify U.S. goals, especially on China. Financial Times

Europe watches warily as Meloni meets with Trump. Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni is meeting with President Trump in Washington on Thursday, raising both hope and concern in Europe. While European Union leaders are uneasy about her solo diplomatic effort, they see her as their best hope to ease tensions with Trump, especially on trade and the Ukraine war. Meloni's personal rapport with Trump—bolstered by shared political views and strong interpersonal ties—may give her a unique advantage in persuading him to reduce tariffs and maintain Western unity. However, European officials worry she may deviate from the EU consensus or weaken their collective bargaining power in pursuit of national interests. Politico EU 

Vance to meet Modi, Meloni during trip to India and Italy.  Vice President JD Vance and his wife Usha will visit Italy and India from April 19–24, meeting leaders and visiting cultural sites. In Rome, Vance will meet PM Giorgia Meloni and Vatican officials. In India—his first trip there—he’ll meet PM Narendra Modi. The visit holds personal meaning due to Usha’s South Indian heritage Associated Press  

Turkey hosts Black Sea security talks with Ukraine, France, UK. Turkey hosted high-level Black Sea security talks on April 15–16 at its Naval Forces Headquarters in Ankara, involving military representatives from Ukraine, France, the UK, and Turkey. The discussions focused on naval planning and regional stability following a potential ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine. Speaking alongside NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky emphasized that the talks were not peace negotiations but part of a coalition effort to ensure maritime security and post-war security guarantees in the region. Defense News 

German parties’ boycott of far right looks to be over — with AfD on course for key jobs. Germany’s center-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU), led by incoming Chancellor Friedrich Merz, is signaling a shift in its stance toward the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, which won over 20% of the vote and became the Bundestag’s largest opposition bloc. Traditionally isolated, the AfD is now poised to chair key parliamentary committees. Some CDU leaders argue that engagement respects voters’ will and exposes the AfD through public accountability. Critics, including Social Democratic Party (SPD) lawmakers and CDU dissenters, warn this move legitimizes a party viewed as a threat to democracy and national security. Politico EU

Anti-spying phone pouches offered to EU lawmakers for trip to Hungary. European Parliament officials visiting Hungary were given anti-spying Faraday bags to shield their devices from potential surveillance, reflecting growing concerns over espionage. The trip, led by civil liberties committee members, aimed to assess Hungary’s democratic and rule-of-law practices. Hungary has faced criticism from the European Union for using spyware against opposition figures and journalists. While burner phones and basic laptops are sometimes issued for sensitive travel, none were provided for this visit. The EU continues scrutinizing Prime Minister Viktor Orbán’s government for undermining democratic institutions. Politico EU

Security concerns mount over Chinese drones used at critical sites in UK. UK officials have expressed growing concern over the use of Chinese-made DJI drones at sensitive infrastructure sites, including National Grid substations, Thames Water reservoirs, and the Hinkley Point C nuclear plant. Despite warnings from the UK’s National Protective Security Authority about using equipment from countries with coercive data practices, DJI drones continue to be deployed. DJI denies any data-sharing with the Chinese government, saying, “There is simply no evidence… that DJI drones transmit sensitive data to unauthorized parties.” South China Morning Post 

Putin praises Elon Musk, compares him to father of Soviet space program. Russian President Vladimir Putin praised Elon Musk, likening him to Soviet space pioneer Sergei Korolev, who led the USSR’s early space achievements. Speaking to students about Russia’s space policy, Putin called Musk a visionary “charged with a certain idea,” particularly regarding Mars exploration. He acknowledged that such individuals are rare and often dismissed initially, but their ideas can become reality. Putin has previously called Musk “an outstanding person,” while Musk remains a top advisor to President Trump and critic of Ukraine. Reuters The Moscow Times 

Serbian president plans to join Putin’s World War II victory parade in Moscow despite EU warning. Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic plans to attend Russia’s World War II Victory Day parade in Moscow, defying European Union warnings that such a move jeopardizes Serbia’s EU membership ambitions. Despite pressure, Vucic confirmed Serbian military participation and alignment with Russia. His government now includes anti-EU ministers, amid ongoing anti-corruption protests at home. Associated Press Kyiv Independent  

Germany does not invite Russian, Belarusian ambassadors to WWII memorial event. Germany’s parliament has excluded the Russian and Belarusian ambassadors from a May 8 event marking the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II in Europe. The move reflects discomfort over Russia’s role in WWII, as President Vladimir Putin has repeatedly invoked that legacy to justify the invasion of Ukraine. While representatives from other embassies will attend, no foreign guests were formally invited. The decision follows concerns about Moscow using commemorative events for political messaging. The Kremlin criticized the exclusion, calling it an insult, especially given the heavy Soviet losses in battles like Seelow Heights during the final days of the war. Reuters 

Serbia claims Russian investigators found that sonic devices were not used in Belgrade protests. Serbian President Aleksandar Vucic announced that Russian investigators found no evidence of sonic weapons being used to disperse mass protests in Belgrade on March 15, despite widespread claims. The protests, sparked by a deadly train station collapse, have become a national movement. Although Serbia denied possessing such devices, officials later admitted purchasing LRADs in 2021. Vucic cited a Russian report blaming the incident on provocateurs and vowed to pursue legal action against those spreading “false accusations.” Reuters The Moscow Times  

Slovakia passes contentious law on NGOs despite wide criticism. Slovakia's parliament on Wednesday passed a controversial law requiring NGOs to disclose their funding sources and major donors, with penalties for non-compliance. Prime Minister Robert Fico claims the law promotes transparency, but critics argue that it threatens civil society and resembles Russia’s restrictive NGO policies. Dubbed the "Russian law" by opponents, the bill sparked mass protests and swift international criticism, prompting the government to remove some controversial elements, such as labeling NGOs as "foreign agents." Despite these changes, concerns persist about the law's alignment with EU values. If not vetoed by President-elect Peter Pellegrini, it will take effect on June 1. Deutsche Welle  

EU issues list of 'safe countries' for migrant returns that includes Egypt, Tunisia.  The European Commission has added countries like Egypt and Tunisia to a "safe countries" list for expedited deportation of failed asylum seekers, sparking criticism from human rights groups. Critics argue the move risks discrimination and ignores dangers faced by vulnerable groups. The proposal still needs approval from the European Parliament. Reuters BBC Politico EU Deutsche Welle  Associated Press 

Latvia's parliament agrees to exit landmines treaty amid potential Russia threat. Latvia has become the first of several Eastern European nations to exit the 1997 Ottawa Treaty banning anti-personnel mines, citing heightened threats from Russia. Joined by Lithuania, Estonia, Poland, and soon Finland, these NATO countries argue land mines are vital for defense. Critics warn the move undermines decades of disarmament progress. New York Times Reuters Kyiv Post 

Chinese couple shot dead in Rome in mafia-style killing, Italian police say. A Chinese mafia figure, Zhang Dayong, and his partner were shot dead in a suspected gangland-style execution in Rome. Police believe the killing is tied to an ongoing turf war among Chinese criminal networks in Italy. Zhang was linked to illegal gambling and enforcement operations, and broader underworld activity across Europe. Reuters The Independent The Telegraph Corriere Roma La Repubblica 

THE MIDDLE EAST

Trump Waved Off Israeli Strike After Divisions Emerged in His Administration. President Trump recently overruled Israeli plans to strike Iran’s nuclear facilities, opting instead to pursue negotiations with Tehran to limit its nuclear program. Although some U.S. military and intelligence officials initially supported Israeli strike proposals, growing concerns over triggering a broader war led to internal divisions. Trump informed Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu that the U.S. would not support a May attack while diplomatic talks with Iran were underway. Meanwhile, the U.S. quietly repositioned military assets to the region, keeping all options open. Israel’s plan would have required significant American support, and Trump’s rejection marks a strategic pivot toward diplomacy—for now. New York Times Reuters 

Iran Says Shifting U.S. Messages on Nuclear Talks Are ‘Not Helpful.’ Iran criticized the Trump administration’s inconsistent messaging over nuclear negotiations but confirmed it will continue talks, with a second round scheduled for Saturday in Rome. Iranian Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi emphasized that uranium enrichment for peaceful purposes is non-negotiable, despite internal U.S. divisions over whether Iran must dismantle its program entirely. Trump favors a deal but faces pressure from advisers demanding tougher terms. Amid economic hardship, many Iranians support negotiations to avoid war and ease sanctions. The talks follow years of escalating tension after Trump withdrew from the 2015 nuclear deal and Iran ramped up uranium enrichment in response. New York Times Associated Press 

Israel says troops to remain indefinitely in Gaza, Lebanon and Syria. Israel’s defense minister announced Wednesday that troops will remain indefinitely in security zones in Gaza, Lebanon, and Syria, complicating ceasefire and hostage negotiations. Israeli forces have retaken over half of Gaza, while strikes continue, killing civilians, including children. Hamas insists on a full Israeli withdrawal before releasing remaining hostages. Meanwhile, humanitarian conditions in Gaza have deteriorated severely, with mass displacement, food shortages, and water scarcity. Prime Minister Netanyahu’s government supports resettling Gazans abroad under a controversial U.S.-backed plan, widely condemned as a potential violation of international law. Peace efforts remain stalled amid ongoing violence and political deadlock. France 24 Al Jazeera Associated Press Reuters

A diminished Hamas is so cash-strapped that it can’t pay its fighters. Arab, Israeli and Western officials say that Hamas is facing a severe cash shortage in Gaza as Israel tightens restrictions on aid and targets key financial operatives. The group had been raising funds by taxing goods, seizing humanitarian supplies for resale, and relying on overseas cash. However, Israel’s recent aid blockade, compounded by sweeping military actions, have disrupted these income streams and killed or forced into hiding officials responsible for cash distribution. As a result of these factors, recruitment has slowed, internal strain is growing, and many Hamas members have stopped receiving full salaries. The cash crisis is also worsening conditions for Gaza’s civilians, who now struggle to access currency, relying on expensive money exchange services and even repairing damaged bills to keep them in circulation. Wall Street Journal 

Lebanese army says it detained suspects in March attacks on Israel, no mention of Hezbollah. The Lebanese army said it detained Palestinians and Lebanese suspects in two March attacks on Israel but made no mention of Hezbollah, which has denied involvement. The arrests follow Israeli airstrikes on Beirut and southern Lebanon. The incidents tested a fragile November ceasefire that required Hezbollah’s withdrawal from southern Lebanon. Reuters Times of Israel 

Qatar sends aid to Lebanese army as the country recovers from Hezbollah’s war with Israel.  Qatar is donating $60 million and sending 162 military vehicles to support the Lebanese army as Lebanon recovers from its 14-month war between Hezbollah and Israel, which killed over 4,000 people and caused $11 billion in damage. Lebanon’s new leadership has pledged reforms amid ongoing Israeli airstrikes in the border region. Associated Press 

Putin meets freed Russian Gaza hostages, says ties with Palestinians helped. Russian President Vladimir Putin met with freed Russian hostages from Gaza and credited their release to Moscow’s longstanding ties with Palestinian groups, including Hamas. He thanked Hamas' political leadership for the “humanitarian gesture” and said Russia had done everything possible to secure their freedom. Putin pledged continued efforts to free remaining captives. Reuters Times of Israel Haaretz   

Suspected U.S. airstrikes kill at least 1 in Yemen’s rebel-held capital, Sanaa, Houthis say. Suspected U.S. airstrikes hit Houthi-controlled areas across Yemen overnight, including Sanaa, where at least one person was reportedly killed. The strikes, ongoing since March 15, involve U.S. forces operating from carriers in the Red Sea and Arabian Sea, and possibly B-2 bombers from Diego Garcia. Details remain limited. Associated Press 

UAE, Saudi Arabia deny reports of involvement in talks about land offensive in Yemen. The UAE and Saudi Arabia have denied media reports suggesting they are engaged in talks with the U.S. about launching a new land offensive in Yemen against the Iran-aligned Houthi rebels. UAE official Lana Nusseibeh dismissed the reports as “wild unsubstantiated stories,” while a Saudi official also labeled them false. The reports claimed Yemeni factions were planning an attack along the Red Sea coast. Both Gulf nations scaled back involvement in Yemen following a 2022 truce and peace talks. Reuters 

Houthi attacks seriously affected Egypt’s revenue from the Suez Canal in 2024. Egypt’s Suez Canal revenue dropped nearly 60% in 2024, falling from $10.25 billion in 2023 to $3.99 billion, due to disruptions from Houthi rebel attacks on Red Sea shipping. Canal traffic was halved, with only 13,213 ships passing through. The Houthis targeted over 100 vessels amid the Gaza conflict, causing major trade disruptions. Despite the sharp decline, Egyptian authorities say the canal remains operational, providing maritime services through the vital global trade route. Associated Press 

U.S. Mideast allies face ‘worst-case scenario’ with Trump aid cuts and tariff whiplash. The Trump administration’s abrupt suspension of $40 billion in foreign aid is destabilizing key U.S. allies in the Middle East, especially Jordan, Egypt, and Israel. In Jordan, halted USAID projects—such as school construction and free clinics—have already triggered layoffs and reduced health services. Experts warn the cuts may fuel extremism, weaken U.S. influence, and drive migration to Europe as economic hardship and instability deepen across Syria, Iraq, and Yemen. Concurrent aid reductions from European countries further amplify the crisis. Analysts call the situation a “worst-case scenario” with long-term global security and humanitarian consequences. Politico EU

Operation Assad: the air mission to smuggle the Syrian despot's valuables. As Bashar al-Assad’s regime collapsed in December 2024, his top aide Yasar Ibrahim orchestrated four secret flights using a leased private jet to move cash, valuables, and confidential documents out of Syria to Abu Dhabi. The plane, operated under a dry lease from a Lebanese businessman, carried relatives, palace personnel, and hard drives mapping Assad’s business empire. The final flight departed from Russia’s Hmeimim air base, just as Assad fled to Russia. Syria’s new government is now seeking to recover these assets, which include funds, artworks, and corporate records tied to Assad’s sprawling economic network built during his 24-year rule. Reuters 

Syrian doctors leaving Germany, heading home to bandage Damascus’s struggling healthcare system. A recently formed medical mission by Syrian doctors based in Germany has been providing critical aid to Syria's struggling healthcare system, including performing life-saving surgeries and giving lectures in cities like Damascus, Aleppo, and Hama. The mission, organized by the newly formed Syrian German Medical Association (SGMA), involved 85 volunteer doctors who returned to their home country in April to offer medical care and conduct surgeries, despite outdated hospital equipment and limited resources. Syria’s health system has deteriorated drastically due to 14 years of war, targeted attacks on facilities, economic collapse, and international sanctions. Many Syrian healthcare professionals fled the country, with at least 6,000, and probably more, now working in Germany. Some now hope to support Syria’s recovery while continuing their careers abroad. Though lacking official German government support, SGMA sees potential for future partnerships. Despite ongoing security and funding challenges, the mission has sparked hope among Syrians and highlighted a growing desire among exiled doctors to reconnect with and support their homeland, while also serving as vital contributors to Germany's healthcare system. Deutsche Welle 

ASIA & OCEANIA

How China Took Over the World’s Rare Earths Industry. China gained global dominance over the rare earths industry by consolidating its mines, jailing smugglers, and creating a powerful state-run monopoly after a 2010 export embargo to Japan. That brief embargo jolted global supply chains, prompting Japan to diversify sources and invest in Australia’s Lynas. The U.S., however, failed to act decisively. Despite bipartisan concern, American companies remained reliant on Chinese processing. A Hitachi-built factory in North Carolina closed by 2020 due to high costs and lack of demand. China now produces 90% of the world’s rare earth magnets, crucial for cars, missiles, wind turbines, and electronics. Meanwhile, the U.S. has only one active mine—MP Materials in California—which just recently began refining domestically. Regulatory hurdles and weak commercial incentives have stalled American progress. Chinese leader Xi Jinping has explicitly aimed to deepen global dependence on Chinese supply chains for strategic leverage, while the U.S. remains vulnerable to disruptions. New York Times

The Mine Is American. The Minerals Are China’s. The Serra Verde mine in Brazil, backed by American investors, is the only major non-Asian producer of certain heavy rare earth elements vital for electric vehicles, defense systems, and other technologies. However, nearly all its output is under contract to China, the only country currently capable of processing these minerals at scale. Despite Western efforts to diversify supply chains, China’s decades-long dominance in rare earth extraction and refinement leaves the U.S. and its allies dependent. While new processing plants are underway, they won’t be ready for years, and demand for Brazil’s resources is surging amid China’s recent export restrictions. New York Times

Xi Fights Trump’s Tariffs with Global Charm Offensive. As President Trump imposes sweeping new tariffs, Chinese President Xi Jinping is countering with a global charm offensive, aiming to position China as a reliable trade partner. Xi has traveled across Asia, signed 45 deals in Vietnam, and deepened ties in Europe and Latin America, presenting China as a stabilizing force amid U.S. volatility. However, skepticism lingers due to Beijing’s unfair trade practices and support for Russia. “Beijing believes Trump’s volatile policy is harming America’s credibility,” said professor Zhao Minghao. In Southeast Asia, where trade with China has surpassed that with the U.S., Xi seeks deeper integration. Still, Trump's accusations—like suggesting Xi and Vietnam are scheming “how do we screw the U.S.”—highlight the growing geopolitical friction and global realignment. Wall Street Journal

China, Malaysia champion peace and stability in disputed South China Sea. During Chinese President Xi Jinping’s state visit to Malaysia, Beijing and Kuala Lumpur pledged to peacefully resolve South China Sea disputes and support multilateralism. Despite tensions over the presence of Chinese vessels near Malaysian oil and gas projects, Malaysia affirmed it will continue exploration in its exclusive economic zone. Both nations expressed hope for progress on a long-delayed South China Sea code of conduct with ASEAN by next year. The joint statement underscored the importance of cooperation under global institutions like the UN and WTO, rejected unilateral trade restrictions, and reaffirmed Malaysia's support for the One China policy. They also called for a ceasefire and peace in Gaza. Reuters South China Morning Post South China Morning Post 

Cambodia seeks China’s financial help as Xi stops by on tour of Southeast Asia. During Chinese President Xi Jinping’s visit to Cambodia on Thursday, Phnom Penh signaled hopes for increased financial support from China, particularly for infrastructure projects like the ambitious Funan Techo Canal. China, Cambodia’s largest creditor, has already heavily invested in the country, though no new funding has been announced since Xi arrived. While Cambodia claims China will help finance the $1.7 billion canal, Beijing has not made a public commitment. The visit is part of Xi’s broader Southeast Asia tour aimed at strengthening ties amid U.S. tariff pressures. Despite warm public displays and political pledges, some observers noted the visit produced few concrete outcomes. "Lots of flags, lots of MoUs and lots of bromances, probably not a lot of substance," said one Western diplomat. Reuters Deutsche Welle Associated Press 

China applauds Cambodia for Taiwanese deportations. China on Thursday praised Cambodia for adhering to its "one China principle," after the Cambodian government deported several Taiwanese citizens to China earlier this week. The individuals were reportedly involved in telecom fraud operations. While Beijing did not confirm their citizenship, it expressed appreciation for Cambodia’s cooperation and vowed to deepen joint efforts to combat online crimes. China considers Taiwan part of its territory, a claim the self-ruling island rejects. Reuters

Xi’s crackdown on corruption continues as ex-agriculture minister faces graft charges.  Chinese former agriculture minister Tang Renjian has been formally charged with bribery as part of President Xi Jinping's ongoing anti-corruption campaign. Tang, who also held a top Communist Party role within the ministry, was removed from his post in 2024 and later expelled from the party. Prosecutors allege he used his senior positions to seek favors and accepted large sums of money and property, though no specific amounts were disclosed. Tang previously served as governor of Gansu province before becoming minister, where he led initiatives on food security and approved genetically modified crops. Reuters 

Taipei says dozens of Taiwanese military members found with Chinese residency permits.  Taiwan's Defense Ministry revealed that 62 active-duty military personnel were found to be holding Chinese residency permits, raising concerns about potential Chinese influence within its armed forces. While legal, these permits can limit access to sensitive information, and those holding them will now be barred from handling confidential info and performing intelligence-related duties. No service members were found to hold Chinese citizenship. The discovery, announced by Defense Minister Wellington Koo on Wednesday, highlights ongoing challenges to the sovereign island’s national security and identity, as China continues to use indirect tactics to undermine Taiwan. In response, Taipei is strengthening its military readiness, extending mandatory training, and acquiring advanced weaponry, with continued support from the U.S. Associated Press Times of India  

North Korea blasts US for deployment of B-1B strategic bomber in South Korea. North Korea on Thursday slammed Washington for the recent deployment of a U.S. B-1B strategic bomber during joint military drills with South Korea, calling it an "open threat" and accusing the U.S. of "reckless bluffing." The drills, which took place on Tuesday and included fighter jets, were described by South Korea as purely defensive. Pyongyang, however, views such exercises as rehearsals for war. Despite the North’s criticism, South Korea and the U.S. plan to begin another two-week joint air force exercise, "Freedom Flag," involving stealth fighter jets. Deutsche Welle Reuters Associated Press  

Trump Says ‘Big Progress’ Made in Japan Talks on Tariff Deal. President Trump met with Japanese officials to discuss a trade deal aimed at avoiding steep tariffs, calling the talks “big progress.” While no immediate halt on tariffs was announced, both sides are preparing for a second round of negotiations later this month. Japan is seeking to prevent a 24% tariff on its exports before a 90-day reprieve expires and may offer increased U.S. investments and LNG purchases. Currencies were not part of the talks, easing market fears. The outcome is seen as a test case for other countries navigating Trump’s aggressive trade stance and efforts to isolate China economically. Bloomberg Associated Press 

U.S. sanctions Chinese refinery for buying Iranian oil.  The Trump administration sanctioned Shandong Shengxing Chemical Wednesday for allegedly buying more than $1 billion in crude oil from Iran.  Among the sellers was a front company for Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps-Qods Force, which the State Department designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization in 2019. The action is the second set of sanctions in a month on a “teapot” refinery, meaning, an independent Chinese refinery. The Treasury department also levied sanctions on several companies and vessels for helping Iran ship oil to China as part of a “shadow fleet” willing to evade international rules.   The U.S. has levied six rounds of sanctions on Iran as part of President Donald Trump’s “maximum pressure campaign.”  Financial Times  State Department  Treasury Department

South Korean ex-DP leader Lee vows to expand support for defense industry. South Korean presidential candidate and ex-Democratic Party (DP) leader Lee Jae-myung has pledged major support for the defense industry to help position the country among the world’s top four defense powers. Leading in polls for the June 3 election, Lee promised to create a centralized body for defense exports, hold regular presidential meetings on export strategies, and offer financial reforms and tax incentives for the sector. He also emphasized the defense industry's potential as a new economic growth engine. Additionally, Lee vowed to establish branches of the National Assembly and presidential office in Sejong and eventually relocate both from Seoul, aiming for balanced national development. Yonhap News Agency 

South Korea tests new radar technology capable of detecting drones kilometers away. South Korea successfully tested a new AI-powered photonic radar capable of detecting small drones from several kilometers away, according to the Agency for Defense Development (ADD). The technology enhances military surveillance and addresses drone threats undetectable by traditional optical systems. While the exact detection range and drone size were not disclosed for security reasons, the development marks a key advancement in South Korea's defense capabilities, which have been in progress since 2022 in response to emerging aerial threats. Yonhap News Agency 

Malaysia PM set to meet Myanmar junta chief amid opposition to talks. Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, in his role as chair of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), plans to meet Myanmar junta chief Min Aung Hlaing in Bangkok to discuss extending a ceasefire following a deadly earthquake. The move has drawn criticism from anti-junta groups, who warn it could legitimize the military regime and undermine ASEAN’s boycott since the 2021 coup. Anwar says the meeting is humanitarian in nature, but critics argue it risks violating ASEAN’s peace consensus amid ongoing military airstrikes and civil unrest. Reuters

AFRICA

Al Qaeda affiliate Al Shabaab seizes strategic Somalia town. Al Shabaab fighters have captured the town of Adan Yabaal in central Somalia, which government forces had been using as a base for operations against the group. The Wednesday attack was marked by heavy fighting, forcing a military retreat and sparking fear among residents of Mogadishu. Wounded soldiers were transported to the nearby Hiiraan region, and one witness reported hearing a “deafening explosion” and gunfire. Although the army had recently reclaimed villages near the capital, Al Shabaab continues to make gains in rural areas, heightening concerns in the embattled nation. The government has been forced to scramble police officers, and even prison guards, to back the military in the struggle against the militant advance. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud downplayed the loss of Adan Yabaal, though he did not name the town, calling it part of ongoing conflict rather than a defeat. "If al Shabaab captures one town, that does not mean they overpowered us," he said Wednesday. "There is a big difference between a war and a battle." The capture further highlights the fragility of Somalia's security situation, as international peacekeeping support faces uncertain funding and structural changes. Reuters Associated Press Al Jazeera 

Sources say no final agreement reached at London conference on Sudan’s war, with Arab states at loggerheads. A London conference aimed at ending Sudan’s devastating two-year war failed to produce a unified statement due to disagreements among key Arab states, including the UAE, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. The UAE expressed disappointment, citing a lack of consensus on transitioning Sudan to a civilian-led government. Tensions arose over differing positions: Cairo and Riyadh supported language seen as legitimizing Sudan’s military regime, while the UAE opposed it. Sudan had objected to Abu Dhabi’s participation, accusing it of backing the RSF, a charge the UAE staunchly denies. The split highlights the broader regional divide and further complicates peace efforts, as fighting and humanitarian crises continue. Reuters 

As tensions simmer in South Sudan, UN envoy calls on Security Council to work to avert war. The UN’s top official in South Sudan, Nicholas Haysom, on Wednesday warned the Security Council that the country risks sliding back into civil war due to rising tensions between President Salva Kiir and First Vice President Riek Machar. Recent military clashes, Machar’s arrest, and growing political and ethnic divisions—fueled by misinformation and hate speech—mirror conditions that have led to devastating past conflicts. Haysom emphasized the fragile 2018 peace deal as the only viable path to stability and urged urgent action to prevent a relapse into war. Meanwhile, the humanitarian crisis is worsening, with over 9 million people needing aid and nearly 7.7 million facing acute hunger. Associated Press 

Arbitrary detention increasingly used to quash dissent in Tunisia, says Human Rights Watch. Human Rights Watch on Wednesday accused Tunisia of intensifying politically motivated arrests to suppress dissent, marking a sharp decline in freedoms gained after the 2011 revolution. The report highlights how President Kais Saied’s government has targeted opposition leaders, lawyers, judges, journalists, and activists, with over 50 people currently detained for political reasons—some facing charges that could lead to the death penalty. “Saied’s government has returned the country to an era of political prisoners, robbing Tunisians of hard-won civil liberties,” asserted the deputy Middle East and North Africa director. Saied has increasingly consolidated power since 2021, undermining judicial independence and using vague laws, including a 2022 cybercrime decree, to silence critics. Watch urged Tunisia’s international partners to reassess their relationships based on human rights concerns. Associated Press Reuters 

Ghana assumes control of Gold Fields' Damang mine, lands ministry. The Ghanaian government has taken over the Damang gold mine after rejecting a lease renewal request from Abosso Gold Fields Ltd., a subsidiary of Gold Fields Ltd. The 30-year lease expired on April 18, and authorities cited the company’s failure to declare confirmed mineral reserves and allocate a budget for exploration. The move reflects Ghana’s broader shift away from the automatic renewal of mining licenses, which officials describe as a step toward ending neo-colonial practices in the sector. Bloomberg Reuters 

CYBER, TECH & MARKETS

Stocks Fall as Powell Sees Tariff Challenges and Tech Pulls Back. U.S. stocks fell sharply Wednesday as Fed Chair Jerome Powell warned that Trump’s tariffs could trigger inflation while slowing growth, placing the central bank in a difficult position. The S&P 500 dropped 2.2% and the Nasdaq fell over 3%, driven by a selloff in tech stocks after the Trump administration restricted chip sales to China. Nvidia projected a $5.5 billion revenue hit, and AMD warned of $800 million in losses. Global markets also declined, reflecting investor concern over trade policy uncertainty. Meanwhile, gold hit a record high and March retail sales spiked, likely due to consumers anticipating upcoming tariff-related price hikes. New York Times

New U.S. chips exports restrictions aim to stall Chinese AI development. New U.S. chip export limits roiled global markets Wednesday.  The new U.S. restrictions, announced Tuesday, are intended to stop the flow of billions of dollars of Nvidia and Advanced Micro Devices artificial intelligence chips to China.  Shares of Nvidia and AMD each dropped by around 7% Wednesday. The broader stock market declined as high U.S. tariffs on China seemed unavoidable and likely long-lived. Wall Street Journal Wall Street Journal

Tech war: Nvidia founder Huang visits Beijing amid US restrictions on H20 chips. Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang visited Beijing on Thursday amid escalating U.S.-China tech tensions, shortly after the U.S. imposed new licensing restrictions on Nvidia’s H20 chips, potentially costing the company $5.5 billion. Invited by a state-backed trade body, Huang’s visit underscores Nvidia’s effort to manage its strained China business, which may drop to “nearly zero,” according to Morningstar. The H20 was developed specifically for China after previous Nvidia AI chips were blocked under U.S. export controls citing national security. South China Morning Post 

Trump’s tariffs put Federal Reserve’s jobs and inflation goals at risk, says Jay Powell. Federal Reserve Chair Jay Powell warned President Donald Trump’s proposed tariffs could undermine the Fed’s dual mandate of price stability and maximum employment. Speaking in Chicago, Powell said the scale of the tariffs was “significantly larger than anticipated” and would likely lead to higher inflation and slower growth, forcing the Fed into a difficult balancing act. He noted that strong labor markets can’t be sustained without stable prices. Financial Times

Musk's SpaceX is frontrunner to build Trump's Golden Dome missile shield.  Elon Musk’s SpaceX, alongside Palantir and Anduril, has emerged as a leading contender to develop a key component of President Trump’s proposed “Golden Dome” missile defense system. The trio is pitching a plan to launch hundreds of satellites to detect and track incoming missiles globally. While still in early stages, the initiative has garnered significant interest from the defense sector and could mark a major win for Silicon Valley in the national security arena. Notably, SpaceX has proposed a subscription-based model, raising concerns within the Pentagon over long-term control and cost transparency. The company’s existing satellite infrastructure and rapid launch capabilities could provide an edge, though experts question whether it can deliver such a complex, large-scale system. The project, estimated to cost hundreds of billions, has drawn over 180 company bids, with traditional defense giants like Boeing and Lockheed Martin also in the mix. Final decisions remain pending.  Reuters

China to lean on Al in effort to reform education reform. China’s education ministry plans to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) into its education system at all levels—primary, secondary, and higher education—as part of a broader push to boost innovation and long-term economic growth. According to the ministry, AI will be used to enhance teaching methods, textbooks, and curricula, aiming to strengthen students' and teachers' skills in critical thinking, problem-solving, communication, and collaboration. This initiative follows recent developments such as the unveiling of DeepSeek, universities expanding AI programs and China launching its first national plan to become a “strong-education nation” over the next decade. Reuters 

Attorney general of California will not join Musk's lawsuit against OpenAI. The California attorney general's office has declined to join Elon Musk’s lawsuit against OpenAI, stating it doesn’t serve the public interest and suggesting Musk may be seeking to use OpenAI’s charitable assets for personal gain. Musk, who co-founded OpenAI but later left, is opposing the organization's plan to shift control from its nonprofit board in exchange for equity, arguing this undermines its original mission. OpenAI, however, claims the move is necessary to raise $40 billion in funding and that the nonprofit will still benefit. Musk previously made a $97 billion bid for OpenAI and has since launched his own AI company, xAI. A jury trial is scheduled for next spring. Reuters 

CISA prolongs CVE program contract with MITRE as alarm flares over potential lapse. The MITRE Corporation will continue managing the CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) program for at least 11 more months after the U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) extended its expiring $57.8 million contract. The extension prevents an immediate halt to the program, which is vital to global cybersecurity efforts. Concerns had emerged earlier this week when MITRE warned that funding was about to run out, threatening the addition of new CVEs and the platform’s operations. In response to long-term sustainability concerns, a group of CVE board members announced the creation of the CVE Foundation, an independent nonprofit aimed at ensuring the program’s global neutrality, stability, and future independence from U.S. government funding. MITRE expressed support for the new foundation and said it will collaborate with stakeholders to secure continued financial and community backing. CISA has not commented on the foundation’s formation. The Record BleepingComputer Computer Weekly Cybersecurity Dive  

CISA warns of potential data breaches caused by legacy Oracle Cloud leak. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has issued a warning about potential data breaches stemming from a January hack of legacy Oracle systems. Although Oracle denies a breach of its main Cloud Infrastructure, a hacker accessed and leaked data from outdated servers, affecting over 140,000 tenants. Cybersecurity firms confirmed the sale of 6 million stolen records containing encrypted credentials. CISA urged organizations to reset passwords, monitor logs, review code, and report suspicious activity, citing risks of long-term unauthorized access and credential abuse. The Record 

Chinese firm linked to Uyghur rights abuses now training Tibet police on hacking techniques.  A Chinese state-owned company, Meiya Pico, previously sanctioned by the U.S. for aiding surveillance of Uyghurs, is now training Tibetan police in hacking and digital forensics. The company secured a $1.32 million contract in 2023 to build two cyber labs at Tibet Police College, providing tools for cyber offense, defense, and electronic evidence collection. Meiya Pico, known for its invasive spyware and surveillance tools, is expanding China’s direct surveillance capabilities in Tibet, according to watchdog group Turquoise Roof. Experts warn that such technologies, tested on Tibetans, could become global cyber threats. International concern is growing over China’s use of digital surveillance to suppress dissent and monitor ethnic and religious minorities both domestically and abroad. The Record 

Researchers analyze social media intimidation drive targeting Thai dissidents. Digital forensic researchers from Citizen Lab have uncovered a state-sponsored social media harassment and doxxing campaign, called JUICYJAM, targeting Thai pro-democracy activists since at least 2020. The campaign, allegedly linked to the Royal Thai Armed Forces and Royal Thai Police, used fake online personas to spread private information and urge public reporting of protestors to authorities. Leaked military and police documents helped confirm the state’s involvement. Amnesty International has also called for an investigation, citing evidence of broader cyberattacks and disinformation targeting human rights groups. The campaign reflects Thailand’s ongoing repression of dissent, particularly criticism of the monarchy. Citizen Lab warned that JUICYJAM poses a serious threat to civil society and may have played a role in the recent arrest of American academic Paul Chambers, who was accused of criticizing the monarchy despite not authoring the content in question. The Record The Citizen Lab 

UK law firm fined after ransomware group steals confidential client data. British law firm DPP Law has been fined £60,000 for failing to adequately protect sensitive client data, which was stolen by hackers and leaked on the dark web. The breach, which affected 791 individuals, included highly sensitive information such as court documents and police bodycam footage. Hackers exploited a poorly secured administrator account lacking multi-factor authentication to access the firm’s network and steal over 32GB of data. DPP initially believed no data had been taken but was later alerted by the UK’s National Crime Agency. The UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO) criticized the firm for its inadequate cybersecurity and publicized the case to stress the need for better data protection. DPP is appealing the decision and now claims to meet high cybersecurity standards, though it faces several potential negligence claims related to the breach. The Record Infosecurity Magazine BankInfoSecurity 

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